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. 2023 Sep 1;9(9):e19538. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19538

Table 2.

Means, standard deviations, skewness and kurtosis.

Items M(SD) Skewness Kurtosis
Digital Competence (McDonald’s ω = 0.91)
When assigning digital tasks, I can consider possible problems students may encounter. 1.87 (0.67) 0.39 0.09
I can use digital technologies to provide personalized learning opportunities. 2.01 (0.74) 0.37 0.02
I can teach students how to identify erroneous and/or biased information. 1.80 (0.65) 0.48 0.82
I can assign tasks that require students to use digital media to communicate and cooperate with each other. 1.89 (0.68) 0.55 0.84
I can assign tasks that require students to create digital content. 1.96 (0.69) 0.32 −0.07
I can teach students how to behave properly while using ICT. 1.87 (0.66) 0.29 −0.10
I can encourage students to use digital technologies creatively. 1.88 (0.69) 0.63 1.01
ICT Self-Efficacy (McDonald’s ω = 0.79)
I can solve simple technical problems during ICT use. 1.63 (0.68) 1.08 2.26
I can use correct computer terminology when directing students’ computer use. 1.81 (0.67) 0.44 −0.01
If necessary, I can develop educational software based on teaching objectives. 1.77 (0.64) 0.63 1.43
If necessary, I can develop online teaching materials and tools. 1.82 (0.69) 0.38 −0.34
Collegial Collaboration (McDonald’s ω = 0.84)
I can collaborate with other teachers to develop ICT-based lesson plans. 1.90 (0.73) 0.71 1.12
I can collaborate with other teachers to select ICT-based instructional methods. 2.03 (0.73) 0.42 0.46
I can collaborate with other teachers to evaluate curriculum and programs. 2.39 (0.97) 0.26 −0.50
I can collaborate with other teachers to design ICT-based assessments for students. 2.11 (0.86) 0.61 0.43
I can collaborate with other teachers to give ICT-based assignments. 2.05 (0.82) 0.55 0.19
Infrastructural Support (McDonald’s ω = 0.80)
How much do you agree your school is conscious about ICT training of English preservice teachers? 2.18 (0.86) 0.35 −0.16
How much do you agree your school encourage you to use subject-specific digital teaching aids in teaching? 2.08 (0.88) 1.13 1.58
How much do you agree your school keep budget for the implementation of ICT? 1.88 (0.74) 0.41 −0.40
How much do you agree that digital teaching equipment at your school is satisfactory? 2.15 (0.93) 0.58 −0.04