Table 2.
ANOVAs on differences between STEM, LLA, and SOCS subject clusters.
| Mean STEM (Med, SD) | Mean LLA (Med, SD) | Mean SOCS (Med, SD) | ANOVA | Tukey-HSD post hoc | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CK | 3.83 (4.00, 0.72) | 3.78 (4.00, 0.70) | 3.85 (4.00, 0.76) | F(2, 1362) = 0.88 | STEM-LLA STEM-SOCS SOCS-LLA |
| PCK | 3.78 (3.83, 0.60) | 3.75 (3.83, 0.59) | 3.80 (3.92, 0.68) | F(2, 1362) = 0.67 | STEM-LLA STEM-SOCS SOCS-LLA |
| PK | 3.64 (3.67, 0.64) | 3.55(3.67, 0.70) | 3.55 (3.67, 0.73) | F(2, 1081) = 2.26 | STEM-LLA STEM-SOCS SOCS-LLA |
| TK | 3.57 (3.67, 0.77) | 3.40 (3.50, 0.74) | 3.41 (3.50, 0.82) | F(2, 1081) = 5.95** | STEM-LLA** STEM-SOCS* SOCS-LLA |
| TPK | 3.40 (3.56, 0.72) | 3.24 (3.33, 0.78) | 3.31 (3.44, 0.78) | F(2, 1081) = 3.81* | STEM-LLA* STEM-SOCS SOCS-LLA |
| TCK | 3.24 (3.20,0.87) | 2.99 (3.00, 0.85) | 3.08 (3.10, 0.91) | F(2, 1362) = 10.35*** | STEM-LLA*** STEM-SOCS* SOCS-LLA |
| TPACK | 3.22 (3.25, 0.77) | 3.15 (3.25, 0.79) | 3.25 (3.38, 0.83) | F(2, 1397) = 1.04 | STEM-LLA STEM-SOCS SOCS-LLA |
| ALDM | 3.12 (3.12, 0.52) | 3.05 (3.00, 0.51) | 3.02 (3.12, 0.60) | F(2, 234) = 0.76 | STEM-LLA STEM-SOCS SOCS-LLA |
| MUDM | 2.79 (2.83, 0.71) | 2.72 (2.83, 0.71) | 2.68 (2.67, 0.68) | F(2, 234) = 0.49 | STEM-LLA STEM-SOCS SOCS-LLA |
Calculation if variance homogeneity is satisfied: ANOVA. Significance: *** <0.001, ** <0.01, and * <0.05.