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. 2023 Sep 1;9(9):e19627. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19627

Table 7.

Change in the emission flux of VOCs from the LL phase to the P phase.

VOC Functional group Mild group*1 Severe group*1 p-value*2
Cubital Fossa
2-decanone Ketone −0.04 ± 0.15 0.19 ± 0.20 0.036
2-ethyl-1-hexanol Alcohol −3.77 ± 8.07 6.55 ± 12.75 0.037
Acetone Ketone −8.65 ± 14.05 6.29 ± 13.70 0.037
2-hexanone Ketone −0.52 ± 1.43 −0.22 ± 3.29 0.076
Decanoic acid Fatty acid −5.41 ± 9.06 2.59 ± 6.61 0.078
Nonanoic acid Fatty acid −3.93 ± 8.25 3.80 ± 5.74 0.078
Acetic acid Fatty acid 4.48 ± 8.34 −6.70 ± 11.54 0.078
Armpit
Acetone Ketone −10.01 ± 7.16 10.30 ± 11.11 0.010
Nonanoic acid Fatty acid −7.94 ± 8.90 2.32 ± 7.64 0.055
2-nonanone Ketone −0.03 ± 0.18 0.41 ± 0.44 0.055
γ-hexanolactone lactone −0.14 ± 1.91 1.60 ± 2.47 0.055
2-hexenal Aldehyde −1.13 ± 2.49 2.54 ± 3.37 0.076
2-octanone Ketone −0.61 ± 0.96 2.55 ± 5.70 0.078

LL: late luteal; P: preovulatory; VOC: volatile organic compound.

*1: mean ± standard devition (ng cm-2 h-1) *2: p-values were calculated using the Mann–Whitney U test.