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. 2023 Sep 1;9(9):e19656. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19656

Table 3.

Principal component of rainfed smallholder farmers' coping response.

Coping response (key) Components (factor)
Communalities (%)
Cognitive restructuring coping (1) Resources seeking coping (2) Experiential avoidance coping (3) Expressive coping (4) Capital disinvestment coping (5) Relying on social networks coping (6)
Household transfers and loans 0.834 77
Harvesting edible fruits and vegetables 0.733 62
Renting farm tools/animals −0.649 57
Reduce social gatherings 0.562 63
Government support 0.847 74
Begging for food or support −0.836 72
Sale of livestock −0.851 76
Migration in search of job 0.806 71
Wage labour 0.804 73
Petty trading and agro business −0.674 59
Charcoal burning 0.497 54
Renting land 0.802 71
Support from NGOs 0.682 63
Aid or Gifts from friends 0.818 69
Hunting 0.79 65
Eigenvalues (%) 2.428 1.937 1.575 1.475 1.44 1.204
Explained variance (%) 12.14 9.687 7.874 7.373 7.199 6.018

Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis (PCA); Rotation method: VARIMAX with Kaiser Normalisation; Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy (0.70, chi-square = 640.51, Sig = 0.001).

Source: Author's construct (2022)