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. 2023 Sep 1;9(9):e19729. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19729

Table 7.

The evaluation of skills in directional forecasts of GDP growth, Inf, and both GDP growth and Inf one year in advance of the BOT, the FPO, and the NESDC when a band of ± 1 SD of the forecasted outcome is considered.


Forecasters
Forecasted/Observed outcomes






Hits (a)
False alarms (b)
Misses (c)
Correct rejections (d)
n
PSI(GDP)
PSI(Inf)
PSI(GDP&Inf)
Up/Up (within ± 1 SD) Up/Down Down/Down (outside ± 1 SD) Down/Up Up/Up (outside ± 1 SD) Down/Down (within ± 1 SD) Total [-1,1] [-1,1] [-1,1]
BOT
 GDP growth 9 2 0 1 0 9 21 0.718
 Inf 9 3 0 2 0 7 21 0.521
 GDP growth&Inf 0.623
FPO
 GDP growth 8 4 0 1 0 6 19 0.501
 Inf 10 3 0 1 0 5 19 0.555
 GDP growth&Inf 0.529
NESDC
 GDP growth 8 4 0 2 0 7 21 0.439
 Inf 8 5 1 2 1 4 21 0.236
 GDP growth&Inf 0.341