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. 2023 Sep 1;9(9):e19729. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19729

Table 8.

The evaluation of skills in directional forecasts of GDP growth, Inf, and both GDP growth and Inf one year in advance of the BOT, the FPO, and the NESDC when a band of ± 0.5% of the forecasted outcome is considered.


Forecasters
Forecasted/Observed outcomes






Hits (a)
False alarms (b)
Misses (c)
Correct rejections (d)
n
PSI(GDP)
PSI(Inf)
PSI(GDP&Inf)
Up/Up (within ± 0.5%) Up/Down Down/Down (outside ± 0.5%) Down/Up Up/Up (outside ± 0.5%) Down/Down (within ± 0.5%) Total [-1,1] [-1,1] [-1,1]
BOT
 GDP growth 5 2 7 1 4 2 21 0.164
 Inf 4 3 3 2 5 4 21 0.171
 GDP growth&Inf 0.168
FPO
 GDP growth 4 4 5 1 4 1 19 0.007
 Inf 7 3 2 1 3 3 19 0.318
 GDP growth&Inf 0.173
NESDC
 GDP growth 4 4 5 2 4 2 21 0.004
 Inf 6 5 4 2 3 1 21 −0.055
 GDP growth&Inf −0.025