Table 3. Rate Ratio Estimates of Burnout Subscales.
| Covariate | Subscale, RR (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Exhaustion | Cynicism | Reduced Personal Efficacy | |
| Sex | |||
| Female | 1.11 (1.05-1.18) | 1.04 (0.96-1.12) | 1.07 (0.99-1.15) |
| Male | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] |
| Preferred not to say | 1.15 (1.03-1.29) | 1.23 (1.10-1.38) | 1.13 (0.98-1.30) |
| Years of experience | |||
| ≤10 | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] |
| 11-20 | 0.96 (0.92-1.01) | 0.99 (0.93-1.06) | 0.93 (0.87-0.99) |
| 21-30 | 0.92 (0.87-0.98) | 0.91 (0.84-0.98) | 0.83 (0.77-0.90) |
| >30 | 0.80 (0.74-0.87) | 0.78 (0.71-0.87) | 0.72 (0.65-0.80) |
| Specialty | |||
| ERAP | 0.97 (0.89-1.05) | 0.97 (0.87-1.07) | 1.06 (0.96-1.17) |
| Internal medicine | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] |
| Primary care | 1.25 (1.17-1.34) | 1.20 (1.09-1.31) | 1.07 (0.97-1.17) |
| Surgery | 0.97 (0.88-1.07) | 0.90 (0.80-1.02) | 0.87 (0.78-0.97) |
| Survey year | |||
| 2017 | 1.13 (1.11-1.16) | 1.02 (0.99-1.06) | 0.95 (0.92-0.99) |
| 2019 | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] |
| 2021 | 1.20 (1.17-1.23) | 1.20 (1.16-1.25) | 1.09 (1.05-1.14) |
| Intraclass correlation | 61.0 (NA) | 53.0 (NA) | 51.0 (NA) |
Abbreviations: ERAP, emergency medicine, radiology, anesthesia, and pathology; NA, not applicable; RR, rate ratio.