Table 3.
Details of 16 initial items of IPS.
| Construct | Item | Statement | Source of items |
|---|---|---|---|
| VSS | VSS1 | Through repeated communication with clients, write the most appropriate and well-constructed claims of right, protection scope, and technical solutions. | Yan [35], From in-depth interview |
| VSS2 | Reply to examination comments as required and on time. | ||
| VSS3 | Provide support and help for clients' infringement lawsuits, invalid lawsuits, and other lawsuits. | ||
| VSS4 | Conduct a comprehensive and systematic search of existing technology. | ||
| VSS5 | Search the peripheral patents around the client's patents. | ||
| COS | COS1 | According to information about the intellectual property and market demand, guide both parties in the technology transaction to achieve commercial cooperation. | Gomez [25], From focus group discussions, From in-depth interview, |
| COS2 | Provide financing services or resources for both parties in the technology transaction according to their requirements. | ||
| COS3 | Have strong negotiation ability to provide support and help to clients with contracts and price details for technology transactions. | ||
| COS4 | Have strong coordination ability to properly resolve conflicts and contradictions between the parties in technology transactions. | ||
| COS5 | Use its own reputation and social relations to provide reputational guarantees for both parties in technology transactions and ensure close cooperation between the parties. | ||
| VBS | VBS1 | Analyze related industries for clients through intellectual property navigation services. | Zhang [34], From in-depth interview, From focus group discussions |
| VBS2 | Provide intellectual property early warning services for clients to avoid potential technology disputes. | ||
| VBS3 | Provide clients with project initiation consultation, intellectual property strategic planning consultation, and other consultation services. | ||
| VBS4 | Train clients on basic knowledge and management processes related to intellectual property. | ||
| VBS5 | Train technicians on intellectual property agency practice and ideology related to technology transactions. | ||
| VBS6 | Assess the value of intellectual property based on analysis of the technology market. |