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. 2023 Sep 9;9(9):e20000. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20000

Table 12.

Top twenty keywords regarding the frequency of usage.

Ranking Keyword Frequency
1 biomass 4780
2 performance 3974
3 anaerobic digestion 3537
4 transesterification 3486
5 optimization 3323
6 energy 3142
7 oil 2890
8 fuel 2554
9 ethanol 2436
10 conversion 2387
11 lignocellulosic biomass 2351
12 combustion 2029
13 fermentation 1950
14 growth 1875
15 pretreatment 1844
16 soybean oil 1826
17 biodiesel production 1813
18 biofuels 1720
19 temperature 1715
20 life cycle assessment 1678