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. 2023 Sep 11;9(9):e20051. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20051

Table 3.

Percentage difference in flexural strength prior to and following treatment with ZnONPs.

Sample Flexural strength (MPa) Increment (%) Decrement (%)
1 layer prior and upon treating with 1% ZnONPs 56/59 5.1%
1 layer prior and upon treating with 2% ZnONPs 56/63 11.1%
1 layer prior and upon treating with 3% ZnONPs 56/53 5.7%
1 layer prior and upon treating with 4% ZnONPs 56/51 9.8%
1 layer prior and upon treating with 5% ZnONPs 56/49 14.2%
2 layer prior and upon treating with 1% ZnONPs 61/63 3.2%
2 layer prior and upon treating with 2% ZnONPs 61/67 8.9%
2 layer prior and upon treating with 3% ZnONPs 61/59 3.4%
2 layer prior and upon treating with 4% ZnONPs 61/55 10.9%
2 layer prior and upon treating with 5% ZnONPs 61/51 19.6%
3 layer prior and upon treating with 1% ZnONPs 66/69 4.4%
3 layer prior and upon treating with 2% ZnONPs 66/71 7.0%
3 layer prior and upon treating with 3% ZnONPs 66/63 4.8%
3 layer prior and upon treating with 4% ZnONPs 66/60 10.0%
3 layer prior and upon treating with 5% ZnONPs 66/56 17.0%
4 layer prior and upon treating with 1% ZnONPs 73/77 5.2%
4 layer prior and upon treating with 2% ZnONPs 73/80 8.8%
4 layer prior and upon treating with 3% ZnONPs 73/70 4.3%
4 layer prior and upon treating with 4% ZnONPs 73/67 8.9%
4 layer prior and upon treating with 5% ZnONPs 73/63 15.9%