Table 3.

Areal coverage of LULC, percent, and rates of changes between 1984 and 2022.

LULC classes	Study periods						Change
	1984		2001		2022		1984–2001		2001–2022		1984–2022
	Km2	%	Km2	%	Km2	%	%	Rate	%	Rate	%	Rate
Bare land	766.07	11.5	1455.11	21.83	548.4	8.23	89.94	40.53	−62.31	−43.17	−28.41	−5.73
Built-up area	19.8	0.3	28.46	0.42	95.23	1.43	43.73	0.5	94.98	3.18	380.96	1.98
Farmland	1293.1	19.4	1420.9	21.31	3735.77	56.04	9.88	7.52	162.91	110.23	188.9	64.3
Forest	966.6	14.5	886	13.3	322.1	4.83	−8.33	−4.74	−63.64	−26.85	−66.67	−16.96
Grassland	1534.8	23.02	749.34	11.24	588.35	8.82	−51.17	−46.2	−21.48	−7.66	−61.66	−24.9
Shrubland	2063.93	30.96	2103.71	31.56	1350.86	20.26	1.93	2.34	−35.8	−35.85	−34.55	−18.76
Water	21.12	0.31	21.9	0.33	24.71	0.37	3.7	0.045	12.83	0.133	17	0.09
Total	6665.42	100	6665.42	100	6665.42	100

Rate*: The annual rate of LULC change (Km²/year).