Table 3.
Dietary models and foods choices among women with endometriosis according to stages of disease.
| Variables | Stage I (n = 962) | Stage II (n = 773) | Stage III (n = 831) | Stage IV (n = 1,512) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anti-inflammatory diet | 5.3 | 7.6 | 7.7 | 9.7 | <0.001 |
| Mediterranean Diet | 7.8 | 7.6 | 6.9 | 6.6 | 0.21 |
| Ketogenic diet | 3.3 | 3.8 | 4.0 | 4.6 | 0.11 |
| Gluten-free diet | 10.8 | 15.3 | 17.1 | 15.0 | 0.007 |
| Low FODMAP diet | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.14 |
| Vegetarian/vegan diet | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.79 |
| Low-calorie diet | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.51 |
| Elimination diet | 2.0 | 3.8 | 3.6 | 3.4 | 0.10 |
| No intake of vegetables and fruit | 0.3 | 0.6 | 1.2 | 1.0 | 0.046 |
| No intake of rye and oats | 3.1 | 4.0 | 4.3 | 4.7 | 0.06 |
| No intake of soy | 5.7 | 6.5 | 7.6 | 7.1 | 0.15 |
| No intake of dairy products and/or lactose | 13.0 | 18.2 | 20.5 | 20.7 | <0.001 |
| No intake of red and/or processed meat | 3.4 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 6.2 | 0.003 |
| No intake of saturated fats | 5.7 | 7.9 | 7.9 | 10.1 | <0.001 |
| No intake of simple sugar | 2.5 | 2.5 | 3.1 | 3.8 | 0.035 |
| No intake of fiber | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.93 |
| No intake of coffee | 4.3 | 6.0 | 5.9 | 6.1 | 0.08 |
| No intake of alcoholic beverages | 2.6 | 3.0 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 0.91 |
| No fried foods | 3.0 | 2.8 | 3.7 | 4.4 | 0.034 |
| More intake of vegetables and fruit | 8.6 | 10.1 | 9.3 | 11.3 | 0.045 |
| More intake of cereals and legumes | 5.6 | 5.8 | 6.7 | 7.6 | 0.032 |
| More fiber intake | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.9 | 0.20 |
| More intake of fish | 3.5 | 3.6 | 5.4 | 5.1 | 0.029 |
Data are reported as a percentage (%).