Table 1.
Data, variables and measurements.
|
Variables |
Type | Description | Scale | Reference | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LE (Years) | Dep | The average number of years a person is expected to live, based on statistical data and population demographics. | 0–inf | [[10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26], [27], [28], [29], [30], [31], [32], [33], [34], [35], [36], [37], [38], [39], [40], [41], [42], [43], [44], [45], [46], [47], [48]] | WHO + WB |
| IMR (Per 100,000) | Dep | Infant mortality rate (IMR) refers to the number of deaths of infants under one year of age per 1000 live births in each population during a specific time period. | 0-inf | [[33], [34], [35], [36], [37], [38], [39], [40], [41], [42], [43], [44], [45], [46], [47], [48], [49]] | WHO + WB |
| IQ | Indep | The combined of 6 worldwide Governance indicators by PCA | −2.5/+2.5 | [[14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19]] | WB |
| CC | Indep | Control of corruption is a metric that gauges the perceptions of how much public power is wielded for personal gains, encompassing various forms of corruption, both minor and significant. | −2.5/+2.5 | [[9], [10], [11], [12], [13]] | WB |
| VA | Indep | Voice and accountability capture perceptions of the extent to which a country's citizens are able to participate in selecting their government, as well as freedom of expression, freedom of association, and a free media. | −2.5/+2.5 | [[9], [10], [11]] | WB |
| PS | Indep | Political Stability and absence of violence and terrorism measures perceptions of the likelihood of political instability and/or politically motivated violence, including terrorism. | −2.5/+2.5 | [32,33] | WB |
| RL | Indep | Rule of law captures perceptions of the extent to which agents have confidence in and abide by the rules of society, and in particular the quality of contract enforcement, property rights, the police, and the courts, as well as the likelihood of crime and violence. | −2.5/+2.5 | [[14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26], [27], [28], [29], [30], [31], [32], [33], [34], [35]] | WB |
| RQ | Indep | Regulatory Quality captures perceptions of the ability of the government to formulate and implement sound policies and regulations that permit and promote private sector development. | −2.5/+2.5 | [[14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26], [27], [28], [29], [30], [31], [32], [33], [34], [35]] | WB |
| GE | Indep | Government Effectiveness captures perceptions of the quality of public services, the quality of the civil service and the degree of its independence from political pressures, the quality of policy formulation and implementation, and the credibility of the government's commitment to such policies. | −2.5/+2.5 | [[37], [38], [39]] | WB |
| HE (%GDP) | Con | The total ratio of three indicators of public sector payments, patients' out-of-pocket payments and private sector payments in the health sector to GDP | 0–100% | [[10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26], [27], [28], [29], [30], [31], [32], [33]] | WHO + WB |
| GDP (PPP) | Con | a fundamental economic indicator used to measure the total value of all goods and services produced within a country's borders during a specific time period, typically a year or a quarter. | 0-inf | [[18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25]] | WB |
| MYS (Years) | Con | It measures the average number of years of formal schooling that individuals aged 25 years and older have received, regardless of when they completed their education. | 0-inf | [[10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20]] | UN |
| UR (%TP) | Con | That measures the level of urban growth and the shift of the population from rural to urban areas over time. | 0–100% | [[10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26], [27], [28], [29], [30], [31], [32], [33]] | WB |
| CO2 (Ton) | Con | CO2 emissions occur through various human activities, primarily related to the burning of fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas for energy production, transportation, industrial processes, and other economic activities. | 0-inf | [41,42] | WB |
Dep: Dependent variables, Indep: independent variables, Con: control variables, WHO: World Health Organization, WB: The World bank, UN: United Nations, inf: Infinity.