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. 2023 Sep 19;9(9):e20296. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20296

Table 3.

The results of model identification.

Test method Test results P-value
Hausman 88.63 0.000
LR- space fixed 23.99 0.006
LR- space fixed 976.79 0.000
LR-SDM-SEM 41.08 0.000
LR-SDM-SAR 41.02 0.000
LM-Lag 11.764 0.001
LM-Error 6.360 0.012
Robust LM-Lag 5.688 0.017
Robust LM- Error 4.231 0.040