Fig. 3 |. WER of the decoded MoCHA-1 sentences for encoder–decoder models trained with transfer learning.

Each panel corresponds to a participant (color code as in Fig. 2). The four boxes in each panel show WEr without transfer learning (‘encoder–decoder’, as in the final points in Fig. 2b), with cross-participant transfer learning (+participant TL), with training on sentences outside the test set (+task TL) and with both forms of transfer learning (+dual TL). The box and whiskers show, respectively, the quartiles and the extent (excepting outliers which are shown explicitly as black diamonds) of the distribution of WErs across $n=30$ networks trained independently from scratch and evaluated on randomly selected held-out blocks. Significance, indicated by asterisks (*$P$ < 0.05; **$P$ < 0.005; ***$P$ < 0.0005; NS, not significant), was computed with a one-sided Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Holm–Bonferroni corrected for 14 comparisons: the 12 shown here plus two others noted in the text. Exact $P$ values appear in Supplementary Table 6. a, participant a, with pretraining on participant b/pink (second and fourth bars). b, participant b, with pretraining on participant a/green (second and fourth bars). c, participant d, with pretraining on participant b/pink (second and fourth bars).