Table 1. Various ways ChatGPT aids in medical research and scientific writing.

Ways	Explanation
1. Automated literature review	ChatGPT has been reported to be able to expedite the process of literature reviews by automating the extraction and summarisation of relevant information from a vast array of scientific articles and publications.2,3
2. Structured-outline generation	ChatGPT has been shown to be able to serve as a helpful tool for generating structured outlines that guide the flow of scientific writing.2
3. Drafting and editing assistance	Reports show that ChatGPT can act as an intelligent assistant during the drafting and editing stages of medical scientific writing. The tool can offer suggestions for improving sentence structures, enhancing clarity and ensuring adherence to scientific writing conventions.2
4. Language enhancement and adaptation	ChatGPT can aid in adapting the language and tone of the written work to suit the intended audience.3 In an article published in Nature, ChatGPT was reported to be used to generate scientific papers in a variety of languages, including English, Spanish and Chinese.4
5. Citation and reference management	Some literature demonstrates the ability of ChatGPT to assist researchers in generating proper citations and references based on widely accepted citation styles (e.g. APA or MLA).3
6. Collaborative writing and peer review	ChatGPT has been reported to be able to facilitate collaboration by serving as an intermediary tool for brainstorming, sharing ideas and reviewing drafts.3
7. Table and figure creation	ChatGPT has been shown to be able to aid researchers in developing tables and figures by offering suggestions on formatting, data visualisation techniques and labelling.3