Table 3.
Imaging features and biological characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma
| Variable | Differentiation |
p value | Ki-67# | p value | MVI (+/–) | p value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| poor (n = 45) | moderate (n = 202) | well (n = 46) | ||||||
| CEUS | ||||||||
| Enhancement patterns of arterial phase | ||||||||
| APHE in whole | 35 (77.8) | 168 (83.2) | 39 (84.8) | 0.976 | 0.25±0.18 | 0.018* | 58/184 | 0.872 |
| APHE in part | 8 (17.8) | 25 (12.4) | 5 (10.9) | 0.30±0.18 | 11/27 | |||
| Iso-enhancement | 1 (2.2) | 4 (2.0) | 1 (2.2) | 0.33±0.25 | 1/5 | |||
| Rim APHE | 1 (2.2) | 5 (2.4) | 1 (2.2) | 0.53±0.28 | 2/5 | |||
| Enhanced uniformity | ||||||||
| Yes | 34 (75.6) | 163 (80.7) | 38 (82.6) | 0.667 | 0.25±0.17 | 0.010* | 54/181 | 0.202 |
| No | 11 (24.4) | 39 (19.3) | 8 (17.4) | 0.33±0.23 | 18/40 | |||
| Necrosis in tumor | ||||||||
| Yes | 7 (15.6) | 24 (11.9) | 4 (8.7) | 0.600 | 0.37±0.21 | 0.007* | 9/26 | 0.867 |
| No | 38 (84.4) | 178 (88.1) | 42 (91.3) | 0.25±0.18 | 63/195 | |||
| Feeding artery | ||||||||
| Yes | 39 (86.7) | 181 (89.6) | 40 (87.0) | 0.782 | 0.26±0.19 | 0.749 | 63/197 | 0.702 |
| No | 6 (13.3) | 21 (10.4) | 6 (13.0) | 0.25±0.21 | 9/24 | |||
| Intratumoral artery | ||||||||
| Yes | 14 (31.1) | 75 (37.1) | 15 (32.6) | 0.677 | 0.27±0.19 | 0.676 | 27/77 | 0.682 |
| No | 31 (68.9) | 127 (62.9) | 31 (67.4) | 0.26±0.19 | 45/144 | |||
| Onset of washout | ||||||||
| <45 s | 3 (6.7) | 6 (3.0) | 1 (2.1) | <0.001* | 0.39±0.27 | 0.007* | 2/8 | 0.879 |
| 45–60 s | 14 (31.1) | 21 (10.4) | 5 (10.9) | 0.32±0.20 | 12/28 | |||
| 60–120 s | 26 (57.8) | 103 (51.0) | 22 (47.8) | 0.27±0.19 | 38/113 | |||
| >120 s | 2 (4.4) | 67 (33.2) | 13 (28.3) | 0.22±0.15 | 18/64 | |||
| No washout | 0 | 5 (2.4) | 5 (10.9) | 0.11±0.06 | 2/8 | |||
| Degree of washout | ||||||||
| Mild/moderate | 40 (88.9) | 186 (94.4) | 40 (97.6) | 0.216 | 0.26±0.18 | 0.017* | 63/203 | 0.143 |
| Marked | 5 (11.1) | 11 (5.6) | 1 (2.4) | 0.41±0.29 | 7/10 | |||
| B-mode | ||||||||
| Echogenicity | ||||||||
| Hypo- | 16 (35.6) | 74 (36.6) | 17 (36.9) | 0.996 | 0.27±0.18 | 0.564 | 23/84 | 0.585 |
| Iso- | 11 (24.4) | 45 (22.3) | 11 (23.9) | 0.27±0.21 | 19/48 | |||
| Hyper- | 11 (24.4) | 48 (23.8) | 9 (19.6) | 0.23±0.16 | 15/53 | |||
| Mix- | 7 (15.6) | 35 (17.3) | 9 (19.6) | 0.28±0.21 | 15/36 | |||
| Halo | ||||||||
| Yes | 16 (35.6) | 70 (34.7) | 18 (39.1) | 0.849 | 0.25±0.20 | 0.434 | 23/81 | 0.468 |
| No | 29 (64.4) | 132 (65.3) | 28 (60.9) | 0.27±0.18 | 49/140 | |||
| Intratumoral vascularity | ||||||||
| Yes | 27 (60.0) | 101 (50.0) | 21 (45.7) | 0.356 | 0.27±0.19 | 0.989 | 36/113 | 0.868 |
| No | 18 (40.0) | 101 (50.0) | 25 (54.3) | 0.26±0.18 | 36/108 | |||
#
Ki-67 is the number of immunohistochemistry-positive cells (Ki-67)/total number of cells observed
*
(100/100); data presented in this table were mean ± SD.