Table 4.
Growth and feed performance indicators, somatic condition indices, and macronutrient apparent digestibility coefficients of gilthead seabream fed the control and two basal diets supplemented with a mixture of pungent spices (capsicum, black pepper, ginger, and cinnamaldehyde) at a dietary inclusion level of 0.1 (SPICY0.1%) and 0.15% (SPICY0.15%).
| Control | SPICY0.1% | SPICY0.15% | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Growth performance | |||
| BWi (g) | 44.05 ± 0.04 | 44.08 ± 0.10 | 44.06 ± 0.10 |
| SLi (cm) | 12.04 ± 0.12 | 12.22 ± 0.16 | 12.08 ± 0.06 |
| BWf (g) | 215.80 ± 1.06a | 221.96 ± 3.46b | 223.02 ± 3.50b |
| SLf (cm) | 19.32 ± 0.21 | 19.66 ± 0.30 | 19.51 ± 0.09 |
| SGR (% day−1) | 1.81 ± 0.01a | 1.84 ± 0.02b | 1.84 ± 0.02b |
| Somatic indices | |||
| K | 3.00 ± 0.11 | 2.93 ± 0.12 | 3.01 ± 0.07 |
| HSI (%) | 1.84 ± 0.11 | 1.92 ± 0.09 | 1.95 ± 0.14 |
| PVFI (%) | 3.01 ± 0.28b | 2.32 ± 0.37a | 2.68 ± 0.28ab |
| Feed performance | |||
| FI (g fish−1) | 195.89 ± 8.70 | 192.29 ± 9.94 | 198.50 ± 6.23 |
| FCR | 1.21 ± 0.05b | 1.13 ± 0.02a | 1.20 ± 0.04ab |
| Apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) | |||
| Lipid ADC (%) | 81.60 ± 0.96 | 81.14 ± 1.33 | 79.73 ± 0.89 |
| Protein ADC (%) | 79.41 ± 3.60 | 81.09 ± 2.82 | 76.08 ± 2.18 |
Values are represented as mean ± SD (n = 4 tanks per dietary group) and differences among groups (p ≤ 0.05) are indicated by the different superscript letters. BWi, initial body weight; SLi, initial standard length; BWf, final body weight; SLf, final standard length; SGR, specific growth rate; K, Fulton’s condition factor; HSI, hepatosomatic index; PVFI, perivisceral fat index; FI, feed intake; FCR, feed conversion ratio.