Table 3.
Covariate-adjusted Least Square Means of Volumetric Percent Density (VPD) by Quartiles of Lipid Species that were Significantly Associated with VPD at a Bonferroni P-value < 0.05 a,b,c
| Q1 LSM (95% CI) | Q2 LSM (95% CI) | Q3 LSM (95% CI) | Q4 LSM (95% CI) | p-trend | FDR p-trend | Bonferroni p-trend | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phospholipids | |||||||
| PC(18:0/20:3) | 9.0 (8.2–10.0) | 8.4 (7.6–9.3) | 8.1 (7.3–9.0) | 7.1 (6.4–7.9) | 1.2E-05 | 0.0001 | 0.03 |
| PC(18:1/18:1) | 7.4 (6.7–8.2) | 8.2 (7.4–9.0) | 8.3 (7.4–9.2) | 9.5 (8.6–10.6) | 1.1E-05 | 0.0001 | 0.03 |
| LPC(18:1) | 7.4 (6.6–8.2) | 7.7 (7.0–8.5) | 9.1 (8.2–10.1) | 8.8 (7.9–9.8) | 0.0006 | 0.002 | 1 |
| PI(18:1/18:1) | 7.5 (6.7–8.3) | 7.7 (7.0–8.6) | 8.4 (7.6–9.3) | 9.4 (8.5–10.5) | 6.3E-06 | 8.8E-05 | 0.02 |
| Sphingolipids | |||||||
| LCER(14:0) | 7.4 (6.7–8.2) | 8.2 (7.4–9.0) | 8.6 (7.8–9.6) | 9.6 (8.6–10.7) | 1.2E-05 | 0.0001 | 0.03 |
| Neutral complex lipids | |||||||
| CE(20:3) | 9.3 (8.4–10.3) | 8.2 (7.4–9.0) | 7.7 (6.9–8.5) | 7.1 (6.4–8.0) | 2.4E-06 | 5.0E-05 | 0.006 |
| DAG(14:0/18:2) | 8.8 (8.0–9.8) | 8.7 (7.8–9.6) | 8.2 (7.4–9.1) | 7.1 (6.4–7.9) | 7.9E-06 | 0.0001 | 0.02 |
| DAG(16:0/18:2) | 9.4 (8.5–10.5) | 9.1 (8.2–10.1) | 7.4 (6.7–8.2) | 7.2 (6.5–8.0) | 6.5E-07 | 2.7E-05 | 0.002 |
| DAG(16:0/18:3) | 9.2 (8.3–10.2) | 9.1 (8.2–10.1) | 7.6 (6.8–8.4) | 7.2 (6.5–8.0) | 2.7E-06 | 5.2E-05 | 0.007 |
| DAG(16:1/18:2) | 9.3 (8.3–10.3) | 8.7 (7.8–9.6) | 7.7 (6.9–8.5) | 7.0 (6.3–7.9) | 2.6E-06 | 5.2E-05 | 0.007 |
| DAG(18:0/18:2) | 9.1 (8.2–10.2) | 8.9 (8.1–9.9) | 7.6 (6.8–8.4) | 7.3 (6.6–8.1) | 2.6E-05 | 0.0002 | 0.07 |
| DAG(18:2/20:4) | 9.4 (8.5–10.4) | 8.3 (7.5–9.2) | 8.0 (7.2–8.9) | 7.3 (6.5–8.1) | 2.3E-05 | 0.0002 | 0.06 |
| DAG(18:2/22:4) | 9.0 (8.1–10.0) | 8.4 (7.6–9.3) | 7.8 (7.0–8.7) | 7.2 (6.4–8.0) | 3.0E-05 | 0.0002 | 0.08 |
| TAG50:2-FA16:0 | 9.2 (8.3–10.2) | 9.1 (8.2–10.0) | 7.7 (7.0–8.6) | 7.0 (6.3–7.8) | 1.5E-07 | 1.2E-05 | 0.004 |
| TAG50:2-FA18:2 | 9.3 (8.4–10.3) | 8.9 (8.0–9.9) | 7.9 (7.1–8.7) | 7.1 (6.4–7.9) | 3.2E-07 | 1.8E-05 | 0.0008 |
| TAG50:3-FA16:0 | 9.4 (8.5–10.4) | 9.2 (8.3–10.1) | 7.5 (6.8–8.3) | 6.9 (6.2–7.7) | 1.2E-08 | 3.4E-06 | 3.1E-05 |
| TAG50:3-FA18:2 | 9.1 (8.2–10.1) | 9.0 (8.2–10.0) | 7.6 (6.8–8.4) | 7.1 (6.3–7.9) | 1.3E-06 | 3.7E-05 | 0.003 |
| TAG50:3-FA18:3 | 8.8 (8.0–9.8) | 9.3 (8.4–10.3) | 8.0 (7.2–8.8) | 7.2 (6.5–7.9) | 3.6E-06 | 6.1E-05 | 0.009 |
| TAG50:4-FA14:0 | 9.0 (8.1–10.0) | 8.2 (7.4–9.1) | 8.2 (7.4–9.1) | 7.1 (6.4–7.9) | 1.6E-05 | 0.0002 | 0.04 |
| TAG50:4-FA18:2 | 9.0 (8.1–9.9) | 8.4 (7.6–9.3) | 8.1 (7.3–9.0) | 7.1 (6.3–7.9) | 1.1E-05 | 0.0001 | 0.03 |
| TAG51:3-FA16:0 | 9.4 (8.4–10.4) | 8.6 (7.7–9.5) | 7.8 (7.1–8.7) | 7.1 (6.4–7.9) | 1.9E-06 | 4.6E-05 | 0.005 |
| TAG52:2-FA18:2 | 9.3 (8.4–10.4) | 8.8 (7.9–9.7) | 7.6 (6.8–8.4) | 7.3 (6.6–8.1) | 1.4E-05 | 0.0001 | 0.04 |
| TAG52:2-FA20:2 | 9.0 (8.1–10.0) | 8.7 (7.9–9.6) | 8.5 (7.6–9.4) | 6.9 (6.3–7.7) | 5.3E-07 | 2.4E-05 | 0.001 |
| TAG52:3-FA16:0 | 9.4 (8.5–10.5) | 8.5 (7.7–9.4) | 7.8 (7.0–8.7) | 7.3 (6.5–8.1) | 7.6E-06 | 9.9E-05 | 0.02 |
| TAG52:3-FA18:1 | 9.4 (8.4–10.4) | 8.5 (7.7–9.4) | 7.9 (7.1–8.7) | 7.2 (6.5–8.0) | 3.7E-06 | 6.2E-05 | 0.009 |
| TAG52:3-FA18:2 | 9.4 (8.5–10.4) | 8.5 (7.7–9.4) | 7.8 (7.1–8.7) | 7.2 (6.5–8.0) | 4.0E-06 | 6.5E-05 | 0.01 |
| TAG52:3-FA20:0 | 9.5 (8.5–10.5) | 8.6 (7.8–9.5) | 7.8 (7.0–8.6) | 7.1 (6.4–7.9) | 5.4E-07 | 2.4E-05 | 0.001 |
| TAG52:3-FA20:3 | 8.9 (8.0–9.8) | 9.1 (8.2–10.0) | 8.1 (7.3–9.0) | 7.0 (6.3–7.8) | 7.0E-07 | 2.7E-05 | 0.002 |
| TAG52:3-FA22:1 | 9.2 (8.3–10.2) | 8.8 (7.9–9.7) | 7.9 (7.1–8.8) | 7.1 (6.4–7.9) | 1.9E-06 | 4.5E-05 | 0.005 |
| TAG52:4-FA14:0 | 9.0 (8.1–9.9) | 8.4 (7.6–9.3) | 8.3 (7.5–9.2) | 6.9 (6.2–7.7) | 1.3E-06 | 3.6E-05 | 0.003 |
| TAG52:4-FA16:0 | 9.6 (8.7–10.6) | 8.8 (8.0–9.8) | 7.4 (6.7–8.2) | 7.3 (6.6–8.1) | 4.7E-07 | 2.3E-05 | 0.001 |
| TAG52:4-FA18:2 | 9.5 (8.6–10.5) | 8.7 (7.8–9.6) | 7.6 (6.9–8.4) | 7.2 (6.5–8.0) | 3.8E-07 | 2.0E-05 | 0.001 |
| TAG52:4-FA20:0 | 9.6 (8.6–10.6) | 8.8 (8.0–9.8) | 7.4 (6.7–8.2) | 7.3 (6.6–8.1) | 5.3E-07 | 2.4E-05 | 0.001 |
| TAG52:4-FA20:2 | 9.2 (8.3–10.2) | 8.4 (7.5–9.3) | 7.8 (7.0–8.6) | 7.3 (6.5–8.1) | 5.2E-05 | 0.0004 | 0.13 |
| TAG52:4-FA22:1 | 9.4 (8.5–10.5) | 8.6 (7.8–9.6) | 7.6 (6.8–8.4) | 7.3 (6.6–8.1) | 4.1E-06 | 6.6E-05 | 0.01 |
| TAG52:5-FA16:0 | 9.4 (8.5–10.4) | 8.9 (8.0–9.9) | 7.6 (6.9–8.5) | 7.2 (6.5–8.0) | 1.1E-06 | 3.3E-05 | 0.003 |
| TAG52:5-FA20:3 | 9.2 (8.4–10.2) | 8.1 (7.3–9.0) | 8.1 (7.3–9.1) | 7.0 (6.3–7.8) | 2.4E-06 | 5.0E-05 | 0.006 |
| TAG52:6-FA20:4 | 9.0 (8.1–9.9) | 8.9 (8.1–9.9) | 7.8 (7.0–8.6) | 7.2 (6.5–8.0) | 1.5E-05 | 0.0002 | 0.04 |
| TAG53:4-FA16:0 | 9.5 (8.5–10.5) | 8.4 (7.6–9.3) | 7.9 (7.2–8.8) | 7.2 (6.5–8.0) | 4.5E-06 | 7.0E-05 | 0.01 |
| TAG54:3-FA16:0 | 8.9 (8.0–9.9) | 8.7 (7.8–9.6) | 7.9 (7.1–8.8) | 7.1 (6.4–7.9) | 2.1E-05 | 0.0002 | 0.05 |
| TAG54:4-FA16:0 | 9.1 (8.2–10.1) | 8.8 (8.0–9.8) | 7.6 (6.9–8.5) | 7.1 (6.4–7.9) | 2.8E-06 | 5.3E-05 | 0.007 |
| TAG54:4-FA20:2 | 9.2 (8.3–10.2) | 8.2 (7.4–9.1) | 8.1 (7.3–8.9) | 7.3 (6.5–8.1) | 6.3E-05 | 0.0004 | 0.16 |
| TAG54:4-FA20:3 | 9.0 (8.1–10.0) | 8.8 (8.0–9.7) | 7.9 (7.1–8.8) | 7.1 (6.4–7.9) | 5.5E-06 | 8.1E-05 | 0.01 |
| TAG54:5-FA16:0 | 9.4 (8.4–10.4) | 8.9 (8.1–9.9) | 7.7 (6.9–8.6) | 6.9 (6.2–7.7) | 6.4E-08 | 7.5E-06 | 0.0002 |
| TAG54:5-FA20:2 | 9.1 (8.2–10.1) | 8.4 (7.6–9.3) | 7.8 (7.0–8.7) | 7.4 (6.6–8.2) | 0.0003 | 0.001 | 0.71 |
| TAG54:5-FA20:3 | 9.5 (8.6–10.5) | 8.4 (7.6–9.3) | 7.8 (7.0–8.6) | 7.0 (6.3–7.8) | 2.9E-07 | 1.7E-05 | 0.0007 |
| TAG54:5-FA20:4 | 9.5 (8.5–10.5) | 8.8 (7.9–9.7) | 7.6 (6.9–8.5) | 7.2 (6.5–8.0) | 6.6E-06 | 9.0E-05 | 0.02 |
| TAG54:6-FA16:0 | 9.7 (8.7–10.7) | 8.7 (7.8–9.6) | 7.9 (7.1–8.7) | 7.0 (6.3–7.7) | 2.6E-08 | 5.2E-06 | 6.8E-05 |
| TAG54:6-FA20:3 | 9.4 (8.5–10.4) | 8.3 (7.5–9.2) | 7.7 (6.9–8.5) | 7.2 (6.4–8.0) | 3.7E-06 | 6.2E-05 | 0.01 |
| TAG54:6-FA20:4 | 9.8 (8.8–10.9) | 8.6 (7.8–9.6) | 7.6 (6.8–8.4) | 7.0 (6.3–7.8) | 8.1E-08 | 8.7E-06 | 0.0002 |
| TAG54:7-FA20:4 | 9.5 (8.6–10.5) | 8.9 (8.0–9.8) | 7.4 (6.7–8.3) | 6.9 (6.2–7.7) | 4.4E-08 | 6.5E-06 | 0.0001 |
| TAG55:7-FA20:4 | 9.2 (8.2–10.2) | 8.8 (8.0–9.8) | 7.7 (7.0–8.6) | 7.2 (6.5–8.1) | 3.9E-06 | 6.4E-05 | 0.01 |
| TAG56:4-FA22:4 | 9.1 (8.2–10.1) | 9.0 (8.2–10.0) | 7.7 (6.9–8.5) | 7.1 (6.4–7.9) | 2.0E-06 | 4.7E-05 | 0.005 |
| TAG56:5-FA22:4 | 9.1 (8.2–10.2) | 8.7 (7.8–9.6) | 8.0 (7.2–8.9) | 7.2 (6.5–8.0) | 1.4E-05 | 0.0001 | 0.04 |
| TAG56:6-FA22:4 | 9.6 (8.7–10.7) | 8.6 (7.8–9.5) | 7.6 (6.9–8.5) | 7.1 (6.4–7.9) | 1.9E-07 | 1.3E-05 | 0.0005 |
| TAG56:7-FA22:4 | 9.3 (8.4–10.3) | 8.9 (8.0–9.8) | 7.5 (6.7–8.3) | 7.3 (6.5–8.1) | 7.0E-06 | 9.4E-05 | 0.02 |
aModels were adjusted for age (continuous), age at menarche (continuous), body fat % (continuous), race (non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, other), family history of breast cancer (yes, no), oral contraceptive use (never, less than 1 year, 1–4 years, 5–9 years, more than 10 years), alcohol consumption (never, less than 1 drink per week, 1–2 drinks per week, 3–5 drinks per week, and 6 + drinks per week), parity/age at first birth (nulliparous, 1–2 children & < 25 years, 1–2 children & 25–29 years, 1–2 children &, ≥ 30 years, ≥ 3 children & < 25 years, ≥ 3 children & ≥ 25 years) and body shape at age 10 (1&2, 3&4, 5, 6–9)
bVolumetric percent density was log10 transformed and coefficients were back-transformed (10^β)
Abbreviations: phosphatidylcholine (PC), lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), phosphatidylinositol (PI), lactosylceramide (LCER), cholesteryl ester (CE), diacylglycerol (DAG), triacylglycerol (TAG), quartiles 1–4 (Q1-4), least square mean (LSM), confidence interval (CI), false discovery rate (FDR)
cLipid species presented were associated with volumetric percent density in multivariable linear regression analyses, after Bonferroni correction and bolded if the Bonferroni p-trend is < 0.05