Table 4.
Factors associated with Post-stroke Limitations in Basic and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living in TASH, Apr-Oct, 2022
| % with Limitations in BADL (BI < 95); | % with Severe Limitations in BADL (BI ≤ 60); |
% with Limitations in IADL (FAI ≤ 30); | %with Severe Limitations in IADL (FAI ≤ 15); |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | n(%); AOR (95% CI) | n(%); AOR (95% CI) | n(%); AOR (95% CI) | n(%); AOR (95% CI) |
| Age, Mean (SD) | 57 (± 15); | 65(± 14); | 54(± 15); | 57(± 16); |
| 0.985 (0.88,1.1) | 1.1 (1.04–1.15)* | 0.94(0.85,1.03) | 0.99(0.9,1.1) | |
| Duration Since | 17 (31.5); | 20 (20.8); | 81 (84.4); | 54(56.3); |
| Stroke ≤ One Year | 5.18 (0.38,70.5) | 0.000(0.000) | 5.7 (0.007,4834) | 0.84 (0.01,79.7) |
| (N = 96) | ||||
| History of Regular | 16 (64); | 4(16); | 22(88); | 16(64); |
| substance use | 11.1 (1.1,115)* | 0.000(0.000) | 31(1.3,745)* | 3.5 (0.3,38.1) |
| present (N = 25)^ | ||||
| Age at Onset > 50 | 35 (46.1); | 20(26.3); | 67 (88.2); | 45(59.2); |
| years (N = 76) | 5.667 (0.77,45.2) | 0.000(0.000) | 0.249 (0.045,1.4) | 0.29(0.068,1.25) |
| Comorbid Cardiac | 11 (25.6); | 7 (16.3); | 38 (88.4); | 24(55.8); |
| Disease (N = 43) | 6.99 (1.3,37.5)* | 2.1 (0.54,8.02 | 1.9 (0.17,20.1) | 1.9(0.36,10.1) |
| Aphasia (N = 22) | 13 (59.1); | 8(36.4); | 22 (100); | 19(86.4); |
| 3.15 (0.33,29.9) | 0.000(0.000) | 0.000(0.000) | 0.52(0.05,5.24) | |
| Depression | 43 (66.2); | 22(33.8); | 63 (96); | 58(89.2); |
| (N = 65) | 0.58 (0.06,5.3) | 0.000(0.000) | 0.167 (0.01,2.85) | 5.1(1.1,23.2)* |
| Cognitive | 19 (76); | 15 (60); | 25 (100); | 23(92); |
| Impairment | 0.21 (0.15,3.1) | 0.000(0.000) | 0.000(0.000) | 5.8(0.4,83.3 |
| (MMSE ≤ 23) (N = 25) | ||||
| Initial Stroke | 32 (42.1); | 16 (21.1); | 63 (82.9); | 47(61.8); |
| Severity (NIHSS | 0.68 (0.04,10.86) | 0.000(0.000) | 7.33 (1.2,44.7)* | 0.26(0.05,1.43) |
| ≥ 5) (N = 76) |
BADL = Basic Activities of Daily Living; BI = Barthel Index; FAI = Frenchay Activity Index; IADL = Instrumental Activities of Daily Living; MMSE = Minimental State Examination; mRS = Modified Rankin’s Scale; NIHSS = National Institute of Health Stroke Scale; PHQ-9 = Patient Health Questionnaire-9. * represent statistically significant variables with p-values ≤ 0.05. ^Substances of abuse identified in our study include alcohol, nicotine, and khat (Catha edulis). N (capital) represents the number of participants with the mentioned characteristics, while “n”(small) represents the proportion of patients with limitations in ADL.