Figure 4. Ginger reduces NETosis and autoantibody formation in a lupus mouse model.

(A) BALB/c mice were treated topically with a TLR7 agonist (R848) or vehicle (DMSO) for 6 weeks (3 times per week), and the ginger extract was incorporated into mouse chow throughout this period, targeting doses of approximately 15 and 150 mg/kg/d (n = 8 mice/group). (B) NET levels in serum were assessed by measuring MPO-DNA complexes. (C and D) Anti-dsDNA and total IgG levels in serum were assessed by ELISA. For all panels, the mean is presented as a horizontal line; **P < 0.01 and ****P < 0.0001 by 1-way ANOVA corrected with Dunnett’s test.