Table 1.
Participant Characteristics by Most Likely Latent Class at Baseline Among Participants From the Mexican Health and Aging Study Included in These Analyses (n = 9,091)
| Characteristic | Category | Normal cognition (n = 5,376) | Temporal disorientation (n = 1,378) | Perceptual-motor function impairment (n = 736) | Learning and memory impairment (n = 1,601) | Total (N = 9,091) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) | ||||||
| Age | 68.4 (6.7) | 69.7 (6.9) | 70.5 (7.4) | 74.1 (8.9) | 69.8 (7.5) | |
| Count (%) | ||||||
| Sex/gender | Female | 2,967 (55.2) | 865 (62.8) | 465 (63.2) | 673 (42.0) | 4,970 (54.7) |
| Male | 2,409 (44.8) | 513 (37.2) | 271 (36.8) | 928 (58.0) | 4,121 (45.3) | |
| Education level | 0 years | 878 (16.3) | 449 (32.6) | 273 (37.1) | 366 (22.9) | 1,966 (21.6) |
| 1-6 years | 3,231 (60.1) | 503 (36.5) | 331 (45.0) | 914 (57.1) | 4,979 (54.8) | |
| 7+ years | 1,265 (23.5) | 426 (30.9) | 132 (17.9) | 320 (20.0) | 2,146 (23.6) | |
| Volunteering | Yes | 460 (8.6) | 121 (8.8) | 59 (8.0) | 90 (5.6) | 730 (8.0) |
| Attending a class | Yes | 782 (14.6) | 190 (13.8) | 87 (11.8) | 150 (9.4) | 1,209 (13.3) |
| Sports or social club | Yes | 378 (7.0) | 77 (5.6) | 36 (4.9) | 79 (4.9) | 570 (6.3) |
| Reading | Yes | 3,413 (63.6) | 678 (49.3) | 302 (41.4) | 764 (47.9) | 5,157 (56.9) |
| Puzzles | Yes | 922 (17.2) | 184 (13.4) | 74 (10.1) | 136 (8.5) | 1,316 (14.5) |
| Playing games | Yes | 824 (15.3) | 211 (15.3) | 76 (10.3) | 148 (9.3) | 1,259 (13.9) |
| Phone and internet | Yes | 3,799 (70.7) | 902 (65.5) | 439 (59.6) | 891 (55.8) | 6,031 (66.4) |
| Gardening/maintenance | Yes | 2,936 (54.6) | 717 (52.1) | 341 (47.4) | 691 (43.3) | 4,685 (51.6) |
| Watching television | Yes | 4,992 (92.9) | 1,221 (88.7) | 628 (85.3) | 1,364 (85.2) | 8,205 (90.3) |
| Sewing or other crafts | Yes | 1,558 (29.0) | 401 (29.1) | 181 (24.6) | 254 (15.9) | 2,394 (26.3) |
| At least four activities | Yes | 2,873 (53.7) | 626 (45.8) | 255 (35.2) | 256 (33.2) | 4,280 (47.4) |
Note: SD = standard deviation.