TABLE 3: Prevalence of different HPV types in women with valid tests according to sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics (n = 1914).
| Variable | High-risk HPV | Probable high-risk HPV | Total HPV* |
|---|---|---|---|
| % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | |
| Age (years) | p < 0.001 | p < 0.001 | p < 0.001 |
| 18-29 | 61.3 (54.4-67.8) | 25.1 (19.6-31.6) | 65.3 (58.5-71.6) |
| 30-39 | 55.3 (50.4-60.1) | 20.1 (16.4-24.3) | 60.6 (55.7-65.2) |
| 40-49 | 46.6 (42.7-50.4) | 15.5 (12.9-18.5) | 50.3 (46.4-54.2) |
| 50-73 | 45.7 (42.0-49.5) | 13.4 (11.1-16.2) | 49.7 (45.9-53.5) |
| Education level (years of schooling) | p = 0.005 | p = 0.29 | p = 0.002 |
| 0-4 | 54.3 (48.4-60.1) | 19.6 (15.3-24.7) | 59.1 (53.2-64.7) |
| 5-8 | 54.0 (49.6-58.4) | 17.7 (14.6-21.4) | 58.1 (53.7-62.5) |
| 9-11 | 48.2 (44.8-51.7) | 16.2 (13.8-19.0) | 52.5 (49.0-56.0) |
| ≥ 12 | 43.2 (38.1-48.4) | 14.2 (11.0-18.2) | 46.8 (41.7-52.0) |
| Race/skin color | p = 0.532 | p = 0.38 | p = 0.599 |
| White | 48.2 (44.2-52.3) | 15.1 (12.4-18.2) | 52.5 (48.4-56.5) |
| Brown (mixed-race) | 51.2 (47.8-54.7) | 17.4 (14.9-20.2) | 55.2 (51.7-58.6) |
| Black | 49.6 (45.1-54.1) | 17.9 (14.7-21.7) | 54.3 (49.7-58.7) |
| Marital status | p = 0.114 | p = 0.03 | p = 0.045 |
| Single | 52.1 (48.0-56.2) | 20.2 (17.1-23.7) | 57.2 (53.1-61.2) |
| Widowed/separated/divorced | 51.6 (46.9-56.2) | 14.9 (11.9-18.6) | 55.4 (50.8-60.0) |
| Lives with husband/partner | 47.1 (43.9-50.4) | 15.4 (13.2-17.9) | 50.9 (47.6-54.1) |
| Age at first sexual intercourse (years) | p = 0.416 | p = 0.113 | p = 0.187 |
| < 15 | 52.2 (47.5-56.8) | 19.8 (16.3-23.8) | 56.6 (51.8-61.1) |
| 15-18 | 49.7 (46.7-52.6) | 16.3 (14.3-18.7) | 54.4 (51.4-57.3) |
| 19-24 | 46.1 (40.8-51.5) | 13.6 (10.3-17.7) | 48.8 (43.4-54.2) |
| ≥ 25 | 51.3 (36.0-66.4) | 20.5 (10.6-36.0) | 53.8 (38.3-68.7) |
| Lifetime number of sex partners | p = 0.026 | p = 0.462 | p = 0.045 |
| 1 | 44.6 (36.0-53.6) | 16.5 (10.9-24.2) | 47.1 (38.4-56.0) |
| 2-4 | 48.6 (45.1-52.2) | 14.8 (12.4-17.5) | 53.5 (49.9-57.0) |
| 5-10 | 53.0 (49.2-56.9) | 17.9 (15.2-21.1) | 56.5 (52.6-60.3) |
| > 10 | 43.1 (37.6-48.8) | 16.8 (13.0-21.5) | 47.8 (42.2-53.5) |
| Parity | p = 0.079 | p = 0.148 | p = 0.073 |
| 0 | 47.1 (36.7-57.7) | 17.6 (10.9-27.2) | 52.9 (42.3-63.3) |
| 1-2 | 47.4 (44.3-50.6) | 15.4 (13.3-17.8) | 51.4 (48.3-54.6) |
| 3-4 | 52.7 (48.4-57.0) | 16.0 (13.1-19.5) | 57.0 (52.7-61.3) |
| ≥ 5 | 56.4 (48.3-64.1) | 22.8 (16.8-30.2) | 60.4 (52.3-67.9) |
| Exchange of sex for drugs - past 12 months | p = 0.296 | p = 0.07 | p = 0.282 |
| No | 49.4 (47.2-51.7) | 16.6 (15.0-18.3) | 53.6 (51.4-55.9) |
| Yes | 64.3 (37.6-84.3) | 35.7 (15.7-62.4) | 71.4 (43.9-88.9) |
| Exchange of sex for money - past 12 months | p = 0.032 | p = 0.093 | p = 0.107 |
| No | 49.2 (46.9-51.4) | 16.6 (14.9-18.3) | 53.4 (51.2-55.7) |
| Yes | 68.8 (51.0-82.3) | 28.1 (15.3-45.8) | 68.8 (51.0-82.3) |
| Smoking | p = 0.392 | p = 0.963 | p = 0.374 |
| Never smoked | 48.3 (45.3-51.3) | 16.4 (14.4-18.8) | 52.7 (49.7-55.7) |
| Former smoker | 50.3 (45.8-54.9) | 17.0 (13.8-20.7) | 53.6 (49.0-58.1) |
| Current smoker | 52.3 (47.2-57.4) | 16.8 (13.3-21.0) | 56.9 (51.8-61.9) |
| Alcohol consumption - last month | p = 0.009 | p = 0.003 | p = 0.005 |
| Never | 46.9 (43.8-49.9) | 14.1 (12.1-16.4) | 50.8 (47.7-53.8) |
| < 1 time per week | 47.1 (42.5-51.8) | 15.9 (12.7-19.6) | 51.3 (46.6-55.9) |
| At least 1 time per week | 56.9 (51.7-61.9) | 22.3 (18.3-26.8) | 61.3 (56.2-66.1) |
| Every day | 50.0 (32.3-67.7) | 21.4 (10.0-40.2) | 57.1 (38.7-73.8) |
*Total HPV: group consisting of high-risk and/or probable high-risk. Yellow (Asian descent) and red (native Brazilian) race/skin color categories were not considered in this analysis because of insufficient N. The p-value corresponds to the chi-squared test for variables with three or more categories and Fisher’s exact test for dichotomous variables. %: Prevalence; 95% CI: 95% confidence interval; p: p-value