TABLE 4: Adjusted analysis of different HPV types in women with valid tests according to sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics.
| Variable | High-risk HPV | Probable high-risk HPV | Total HPV* |
|---|---|---|---|
| PR (95% CI) | PR (95% CI) | PR (95% CI) | |
| Age (years) | p < 0.001 | p < 0.001 | p < 0.001 |
| 18-29 | 1.4 (1.2-1.6) | 1.9 (1.4-2.7) | 1.3 (1.2-1.5) |
| 30-39 | 1.2 (1.1-1.4) | 1.5 (1.1-2.0) | 1.2 (1.1-1.4) |
| 40-49 | 1.0 (0.9-1.2) | 1.2 (0.9-1.5) | 1.0 (0.9-1.1) |
| 50-73 | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| Education level (years of schooling) | p = 0.003 | p = 0.161 | p = 0.001 |
| 0-4 | 1.3 (1.1-1.6) | 1.5 (1.0-2.1) | 1.3 (1.1-1.5) |
| 5-8 | 1.2 (1.1-1.4) | 1.2 (0.9-1.6) | 1.2 (1.1-1.4) |
| 9-11 | 1.1 (1.0-1.3) | 1.1 (0.8-1.5) | 1.1 (1.0-1.3) |
| ≥ 12 | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| Race/skin color | p = 0.606 | p = 0.831 | p = 0.739 |
| White | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| Brown (mixed-race) | 1.0 (0.9-1.1) | 1.1 (0.8-1.4) | 1.0 (0.9-1.1) |
| Black | 1.0 (0.9-1.1) | 1.1 (0.8-1.4) | 1.0 (0.9-1.1) |
| Marital status | p = 0.029 | p = 0.101 | p = 0.014 |
| Single | 1.1 (1.0-1.2) | 1.3 (1.0-1.7) | 1.1 (1.0-1.3) |
| Widowed/separated/divorced | 1.2 (1.0-1.4) | 1.2 (0.9-1.6) | 1.2 (1.0-1.3) |
| Lives with husband/partner | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| Age at first sexual intercourse (years) | p = 0.662 | p = 0.521 | p = 0.873 |
| < 15 | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| 15-18 | 1.0 (0.9-1.1) | 1.0 (0.7-1.3) | 1.0 (0.9-1.2) |
| 19-24 | 1.1 (0.9-1.3) | 0.9 (0.6-1.4) | 1.0 (0.9-1.2) |
| ≥ 25 | 1.2 (0.8-1.8) | 1.7 (0.7-3.8) | 1.1 (0.8-1.7) |
| Lifetime number of sex partners | p = 0.077 | p = 0.275 | p = 0.076 |
| 1 | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| 2-4 | 1.1 (0.9-1.4) | 0.9 (0.6-1.6) | 1.1 (0.9-1.4) |
| 5-10 | 1.2 (0.9-1.5) | 1.2 (0.7-2.1) | 1.2 (1.0-1.5) |
| > 10 | 1.0 (0.8-1.3) | 1.0 (0.6-1.8) | 1.0 (0.8-1.3) |
| Parity | p = 0.264 | p = 0.506 | p = 0.328 |
| 0 | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| 1-2 | 1.0 (0.8-1.3) | 0.9 (0.6-1.5) | 1.0 (0.8-1.2) |
| 3-4 | 1.1 (0.9-1.4) | 1.0 (0.6-1.6) | 1.1 (0.9-1.3) |
| ≥ 5 | 1.1 (0.9-1.5) | 1.2 (0.7-2.3) | 1.1 (0.8-1.4) |
| Exchange of sex for drugs - past 12 months | p = 0.544 | p = 0.037 | p = 0.173 |
| No | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| Yes | 1.2 (0.7-2.1) | 2.5 (1.1-5.9) | 1.3 (0.9-2.0) |
| Exchange of sex for money - past 12 months | p = 0.837 | p = 0.769 | p = 0.769 |
| No | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| Yes | 1.0 (0.7-1.6) | 1.1 (0.5-2.3) | 0.9 (0.6-1.4) |
| Smoking | p = 0.545 | p = 0.947 | p = 0.39 |
| Never smoked | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| Former smoker | 1.0 (0.9-1.1) | 1.0 (0.8-1.4) | 1.0 (0.9-1.1) |
| Current smoker | 1.1 (0.9-1.2) | 1.0 (0.8-1.4) | 1.1 (1.0-1.2) |
| Alcohol consumption - last month | p = 0.122 | p = 0.322 | p = 0.125 |
| Never | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| < 1 time per week | 1.0 (0.9-1.1) | 1.1 (0.8-1.5) | 1.0 (0.9-1.1) |
| At least 1 time per week | 1.2 (1.0-1.3) | 1.3 (1.0-1.8) | 1.1 (1.0-1.3) |
| Every day | 1.0 (0.6-1.5) | 1.1 (0.4-2.8) | 1.0 (0.7-1.4) |
*Total HPV: group consisting of high-risk and/or probable high-risk. Yellow (Asian descent) and red (native Brazilian) race/skin color categories were not considered in this analysis because of insufficient N. PR: Prevalence ratio; 95% CI: 95% confidence interval; p: p-value. P-values correspond to the z-test from Poisson regression with robust variance.