Table. Network Meta-Analyses of the Association Between Exercise and Insulin Resistance Markers in Children and Adolescents With Excess Weight^a.

Marker	Aerobic	Resistance	Concurrent	HIIT	HIIT/resistance
Fasting glucose (mg/dL)
Resistance	−0.55 (−2.86 to 1.77)
Concurrent	−1.26 (−3.48 to 0.77)	0.71 (−1.94 to 3.68)
HIIT	0.16 (−2.16 to 2.64)	−0.72 (−3.92 to 2.46)	1.42 (−1.57 to 4.48)
HIIT/resistance	−3.54 (−7.37 to 0.25)	2.99 (−1.21 to 7.13)	−2.28 (−6.06 to 1.77)	−3.70 (−7.84 to 0.51)
Control	−1.49 (−2.73 to −0.39)b	−2.04 (−4.30 to 0.21)	−2.75 (−4.95 to −0.79)b	−1.32 (−3.71 to 0.96)	−5.02 (−8.71 to −1.34)b
Fasting insulin (μU/mL)
Resistance	−0.58 (−2.98 to 1.61)
Concurrent	−1.28 (−3.47 to 0.72)	0.70 (−2.03 to 3.28)
HIIT	0.29 (−2.04 to 2.53)	−0.86 (−3.90 to 2.21)	1.56 (−1.28 to 4.59)
HIIT/resistance	−3.64 (−7.28 to −0.02)b	3.06 (−1.08 to 7.13)	−2.37 (−5.97 to 1.46)	−3.93 (−7.72 to 0.15)
Control	−1.48 (−2.72 to −0.32)b	−2.05 (−4.37 to 0.13)	−2.75 (−4.90 to −0.79)b	−1.19 (−3.58 to −1.09)	−5.12 (−8.83 to −1.54)b
HOMA-IR
Resistance	0.18 (−1.20 to 1.51)
Concurrent	−0.33 (−0.96 to 0.28)	0.50 (−0.87 to 1.84)
HIIT	−0.19 (−0.93 to 0.54)	0.37 (−1.12 to 1.78)	0.14 (−0.74 to 0.99)
HIIT/resistance	−0.51 (−1.42 to 0.46)	0.69 (−0.89 to 2.23)	−0.18 (−1.06 to 0.80)	−0.32 (−1.34 to 0.72)
Control	−0.71 (−1.20 to −0.24)b	−0.53 (−1.84 to 0.72)	−1.03 (−1.57 to −0.52)b	−0.90 (−1.62 to −0.22)b	−1.22 (−2.04 to −0.36)b

Abbreviations: HIIT, high-intensity interval training; HIIT/resistance, combination HIIT and resistance training; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; MD, mean difference.

^a Data are expressed as the MD (95% CI). Comparisons should be read from left to right. Values correspond to differences in MDs (95% CIs) between column and row; for positive values, the exercise protocol indicated in the column is favored (eg, aerobic training had a mean fasting glucose loss of 0.55 mg/dL compared with resistance training).

^b P < .05.