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Substance abuse affects the biogenesis of Extracellular Vesicles (EVs). Drugs of abuse are taken up either by receptor-mediated mechanisms or by diffusion and are encapsulated as endosomes that can fuse with late endosomes to form multivesicular bodies (MVBs) containing intra-luminal vesicles (ILVs). In this process, drugs of abuse alter ESCRT and non-ESCRT components during biogenesis, ultimately resulting in altered EV cargo and/or release
