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. 2023 Oct 10;18:48. doi: 10.1186/s13017-023-00516-5

Table 2.

Summary of treatments for stoma necrosis

Type of treatment Indications Drawbacks
Non-operative management Superficial or small deep necrosis

Risk of mucocutaneous separation

Risk of stenosis

Patient discomfort

Emergency surgical treatment Deep necrosis (below the fascia) with signs of intra-abdominal contamination Risk of surgical and non-surgical complications
Elective surgical treatment Deep necrosis (above the fascia) Risk of surgical and non-surgical complications