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. 2023 Sep 19;12(10):e230111. doi: 10.1530/EC-23-0111

Table 1.

Questions used to evaluate possible associated factors in men with KS.

Possible associated factors Classification/question Type Answering options
Subjective general health ‘How is your health in general?’ ESS
  • Very good

  • Good

  • Fair

  • Bad

  • Very bad

Social activities ‘Compared to other people of your age, how often would you say to take part in social activities?’ ESS
  • Much more than most

  • More than most

  • About the same

  • Less than most

  • Much less than most

Presence of chronic health problems ‘Do you have any longstanding illness or health problem? (apart from your condition)’ SC
  • Yes

  • No

Physical or mental health problem ‘Is this a physical health problem (e.g. Diabetes, coronary heart disease) or a mental health problem (e.g. depression, eating disorder) SC
  • Physical health problem

  • Mental health problem

  • Both

  • I don’t know

Experienced discrimination based on condition ‘Have you been discriminated against because of your condition?’ SC
  • Yes

  • No

General discrimination ‘Would you describe yourself as being a member of a group that is discriminated against in this country?’
  • If yes: ‘On what grounds is your group discriminated against?’

  • ‘Colour or race, nationality, religion, language, ethnic group, age, gender, sexuality, disability, other’

ESS
  • Yes

  • No

Testosterone supplement ‘Are you on testosterone therapy at present? SC
  • Yes

  • No

Age at diagnosis ‘At what age was your condition diagnosed?’ SC
  • Before birth

  • At birth (0–1 month)

  • Infancy (1 month–3 years)

  • Childhood (4–12 years)

  • Adolescence (13–17 years)

  • Adulthood (≥18 years)

  • I don’t know

Gynaecomastia ‘Presence of gynaecomastia?’ SC
  • Yes

  • No

Small testes ‘Presence of small testes?’ SC
  • Yes

  • No

ESS, European Social Survey question; SC, self-constructed question.