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. 2023 Sep 12;12(2):2259001. doi: 10.1080/22221751.2023.2259001

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© 2023 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group, on behalf of Shanghai Shangyixun Cultural Communication Co., Ltd

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The terms on which this article has been published allow the posting of the Accepted Manuscript in a repository by the author(s) or with their consent.

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Figure 1. — Study setting. (A) Map of South America. Ecuador, orange. (B) Sampled Ecuadorian provinces (gray). ES = Esmeraldas, MA = Manta, SD = Santo Domingo, LR = Los Rios, SE = Santa Elena, GY = Guayas, BO = Bolivar, CH = Chimborazo, EO = El Oro, LO = Loja. (C) Population density, Ecuador (left). Spatial distribution of samples retrospectively tested for SARS-CoV-2 (right). (D) Sample number (left axis) and population in millions (right axis) of sampled provinces. Abbreviations as in (B). (E) OxCGRT stringency index; Ecuador.