Table 2.
Patient demographics
| SDL (n = 153) | LLL (n = 153) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 80 ± 11 | 74 ± 13 | <0.001 |
| Male/female | 91/62 | 92/61 | 0.85 |
| Indication | |||
| Pace and ablate | 19 (12%) | 24 (16%) | 0.94 |
| AVB-I | 5 (3%) | 4 (3%) | |
| AVB-II Wenckebach | 13 (8%) | 11 (8%) | |
| AVB-II Mobitz 2 | 11 (7%) | 9 (6%) | |
| AVB-III | 54 (35%) | 55 (36%) | |
| LOT-CRT | 3 (2%) | 2 (1%) | |
| In lieu of BiV-CRT | 7 (5%) | 10 (7%) | |
| Syncope and BBB | 22 (14%) | 16 (10%) | |
| Slow AF | 19 (12%) | 22 (14%) | |
| Baseline rhythm | |||
| SR | 101 (66%) | 100 (65%) | 0.95 |
| AF | 46 (30%) | 46 (30%) | |
| Flutter | 6 (4%) | 7 (5%) | |
| Comorbidities | |||
| Ischaemic heart disease | 63 (41%) | 43 (28%) | 0.016 |
| Dilated cardiomyopathy | 11 (7%) | 12 (8%) | 0.83 |
| PTCA | 34 (22%) | 21 (14%) | 0.48 |
| CABG | 12 (8%) | 4 (3%) | 0.151 |
| Valve surgery | 12 (8%) | 17 (11%) | 0.44 |
| TAVI | 20 (13%) | 6 (4%) | 0.004 |
| Diabetes | 49 (32%) | 47 (31%) | 0.81 |
| Hypertension | 124 (81%) | 112 (73%) | 0.11 |
| Kidney failure | 50 (33%) | 44 (29%) | 0.46 |
| LVEF | 54.8 ± 2.1 | 53 ± 2.3 | 0.25 |
| Left-sided approach | 147 (96%) | 146 (95%) | 1.00 |
| Right-sided approach | 6 (4%) | 7 (5%) | |
Numbers in bold are statistically significant.
Groups are split according to the lead type used initially.
AF, atrial fibrillation; AVB, atrio-ventricular block; BBB, bundle branch block; BiV-CRT, biventricular cardiac resynchronization therapy; CABG, coronary artery bypass surgery; LLL, lumenless lead; LOT-CRT, left bundle branch optimized cardiac resynchronization therapy; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; PTCA, percutaneous coronary angioplasty; SDL, stylet-driven lead; SR, sinus rhythm; TAVI, transcatheter aortic valve implantation.