Table 4b.
15 Items with the Smallest SEM in the Range of 0 to +1
Questionnaire abbreviation | Cognitive domain | Item stem | Response optionsa | Temporal referent | Ability versus change | SEM; Information | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | ADL Abbrev | executive | Focusing on goals or carrying out a plan | much better; slightly better;b | ability compared to 5 years ago | Cb | 0.50; 4.08 |
no change; | |||||||
slightly worse slightly to moderately worse; moderately worse; much worse | |||||||
| |||||||
2. | CFI | language | Do you have more trouble recalling names, finding the right word, or completing sentences? | no; maybe; yes; |
reference to one year ago | C | 0.52; 3.77 |
| |||||||
3. | ADL Abbrev | memory | Remembering appointments or meetings | much better; slightly better; | ability compared to 5 years ago | C | 0.54; 3.48 |
no change; | |||||||
slightly worse slightly to moderately worse; moderately worse; much worse | |||||||
| |||||||
4. | MMQ | memory | I worry about my memory ability | strongly disagree; disagree; undecided; agree; strongly agree | feelings over the past two weeks | A | 0.55; 3.29 |
| |||||||
5. | ADL Abbrev | attention | Remaining on task and not getting distracted by external stimuli | much better; slightly better; | ability compared to 5 years ago | C | 0.57; 3.03 |
no change; | |||||||
slightly worse slightly to moderately worse; moderately worse; much worse | ability compared to 5 years ago | C | 0.57; 3.03 | ||||
| |||||||
6. | ADL Abbrev | executive | Shifting easily from one activity to the next | much better; slightly better; | ability compared to 5 years ago | C | 0.60; 2.75 |
no change; slightly worse; | |||||||
slightly to moderately worse; moderately worse; much worse | |||||||
| |||||||
7. | ADL Abbrev | executive | Making decisions on everyday matters | much better; slightly better; | ability compared to 5 years ago | C | 0.61; 2.65 |
no change; | |||||||
slightly worse; slightly to moderately worse; moderately worse; much worse | |||||||
| |||||||
8. | MAC-Q (a) | memory | Remembering specific facts from a newspaper or magazine article you have just finished reading |
much better now; somewhat better now; | as compared to high school or college | C | 0.62; 2.63 |
about the same; somewhat poorer no much poorer now | |||||||
| |||||||
9. | MAC-Q (a) | memory | Remembering the name of a person just introduced to you | much better now; somewhat better now; about the same; | as compared to high school or college | C | 0.62; 2.59 |
somewhat poorer now; much poorer now | |||||||
| |||||||
10. | CFI | memory | Compared to one year ago, do you find that you are relying more on written reminders (e.g., shopping lists, calendars)? | no; maybe; yes; |
reference to one year ago | C | 0.62; 2.59 |
| |||||||
11. | ADL Abbrev | executive | Reasoning through a complicated problem | much better; slightly better; no change; slightly worse; | ability compared to 5 years ago | C | 0.63; 2.56 |
slightly to moderately worse; moderately worse; much worse | |||||||
| |||||||
12. | ADL Abbrev | language | Expressing myself through speech | much better; slightly better; | ability compared to 5 years ago | C | 0.63; 2.54 |
no change; slightly worse slightly to moderately worse; | |||||||
moderately worse; much worse | |||||||
| |||||||
13. | ADL Abbrev | executive | Organizing and managing my medication schedule | much better; slightly better; no change; | ability compared to 5 years ago | C | 0.63; 2.54 |
slightly worse; slightly to moderately worse; moderately worse; much worse | |||||||
| |||||||
14. | ADL Abbrev | language | Understanding instructions or directions | much better; slightly better; | ability compared to 5 years ago | C | 0.63; 2.54 |
no change; | |||||||
slightly worse; slightly to moderately worse; moderately worse; much worse | |||||||
| |||||||
15. | ADL Abbrev | calculation | Handling everyday arithmetic problems (knowing how much food to buy, how long it’s been between visits from family and friends) |
much better; slightly better; | ability compared to 5 years ago | C | 0.63; 2.49 |
no change; slightly worse; slightly to moderately worse; moderately worse; much worse | |||||||
slightly worse; slightly to moderately worse; moderately worse; much worse |
Highlighted response options were combined for purposes of data harmonization due to the categories having fewer than five respondents.
The ADL Abbrev scale uses a time referent of compared to 5 years ago to capture current ability level on certain tasks, skills, or problem areas in relation to previous ability. As such, even though labeled as “C”, indicating that it assesses change, the ADL Abbrev also taps into ability.
Note. SEM = Standard Error of Measurement; ADL Abbreviated = Activities of Daily Living Rating Scale Self-Version, Abbreviated; CFI = Cognitive Function Index; MAC-Q (a) = Memory Complaint Questionnaire; MMQ = Multifactorial Memory Questionnaire.