Table 4.
Characteristics of the patients, dietary kcal intake, Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS), and physical activity frequency according to body weight change from the start of chemotherapy to 12 months after the end of chemotherapy
| Characteristics | Weight loss | Stable weight | Weight gain | Total | P* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | ||
| Total patients | 39 (23.1) | 98 (58) | 32 (18.9) | 169 (100) | |
| Age | 0.033 | ||||
| <49 | 8 (15.69) | 26 (50.98) | 17 (33.33) | 51 (100) | |
| 49–58 | 16 (27.12) | 35 (59.32) | 8 (13.56) | 59 (100) | |
| >59 | 15 (25.42) | 37 (62.71) | 7 (11.86) | 59 (100) | |
| Basal BMI | <0.001 | ||||
| Normal weight/underweight | 15 (14.71) | 58 (56.86) | 29 (28.43) | 102 (100) | |
| Overweight | 16 (39.02) | 23 (56.10) | 2 (4.88) | 41 (100) | |
| Obesity | 8 (30.77) | 17 (65.38) | 1 (3.85) | 26 (100) | |
| Menopausal status | 0.456 | ||||
| No | 15 (22.06) | 37 (54.41) | 16 (23.53) | 68 (100) | |
| Yes | 24 (23.76) | 61 (60.40) | 16 (15.84) | 101 (100) | |
| Pathological tumor stage | 0.944 | ||||
| 0 | 4 (21.05) | 11 (57.89) | 4 (21.05) | 19 (100) | |
| 1 | 18 (21.95) | 50 (60.98) | 14 (17.07) | 82 (100) | |
| ≥ 2 | 17 (25) | 37 (54.41) | 14 (20.59) | 68 (100) | |
| Pathological nodal stage | 0.467 | ||||
| 0 | 20 (21.05) | 59 (62.11) | 16 (16.84) | 95 (100) | |
| ≥1 | 19 (25.68) | 39 (52.70) | 16 (21.62) | 74 (100) | |
| Histologic type | 0.935 | ||||
| No special type | 36 (23.53) | 88 (57.52) | 29 (18.95) | 153 (100) | |
| Lobular | 3 (20) | 9 (60) | 3 (20) | 15 (100) | |
| Others | 0 (0) | 1 (100) | 0 (0) | 1 (100) | |
| Estrogen receptor | 0.430 | ||||
| Negative | 11 (21.57) | 33 (64.71) | 7 (13.73) | 51 (100) | |
| Positive | 28 (23.73) | 65 (55.08) | 25 (21.19) | 118 (100) | |
| Progesterone receptor | |||||
| Negative | 17 (24.29) | 46 (65.71) | 7 (10) | 70 (100) | 0.042 |
| Positive | 22 (22.22) | 52 (52.53) | 25 (25.25) | 99 (100) | |
| Grading | 0.484 | ||||
| G1 or G2 | 6 (30) | 9 (45) | 5 (25) | 20 (100) | |
| G3 | 33 (22.45) | 87 (59.18) | 27 (18.37) | 147 (100) | |
| Ki-67 labeling index | 0.544 | ||||
| <20% | 7 (22.58) | 16 (51.61) | 8 (25.81) | 31 (100) | |
| ≥20% | 32 (23.19) | 82 (59.42) | 24 (17.39) | 138 (100) | |
| HER2 | 0.328 | ||||
| Negative | 23 (22.55) | 56 (54.90) | 23 (22.55) | 102 (100) | |
| Positive | 16 (23.88) | 42 (62.69) | 9 (13.43) | 67 (100) | |
| Chemotherapy | 0.908 | ||||
| Adjuvant | 29 (22.31) | 76 (58.46) | 25 (19.23) | 130 (100) | |
| Neo-adjuvant | 10 (25.64) | 22 (56.41) | 7 (17.95) | 39 (100) | |
| Chemotherapy regimen | 0.659 | ||||
| Taxane based | 30 (22.90) | 78 (59.54) | 23 (17.56) | 131 (100) | |
| Nontaxane based | 9 (23.68) | 20 (52.63) | 9 (23.68) | 38 (100) | |
| Hormone therapy | 0.151 | ||||
| No | 15 (26.79) | 35 (62.50) | 6 (10.71) | 56 (100) | |
| Yes | 24 (21.24) | 63 (55.75) | 26 (23.01) | 113 (100) | |
| Type of surgery | 0.673 | ||||
| Conservative | 22 (24.18) | 54 (59.34) | 15 (16.48) | 91 (100) | |
| Mastectomy | 17 (21,79) | 44 (56.41) | 17 (21.79) | 78 (100) | |
| Kcal T0–T6 | 0.43 | ||||
| Mean difference ± SD | −433 ± 430 | −309 ± 483 | −372 ± 543 | −350 ± 483 | |
| Decrease | 28 (25.45) | 60 (54.25) | 22 (20) | 110 (100) | |
| Stable | 9 (25) | 21 (58.33) | 6 (16.67) | 36 (100) | |
| Increase | 2 (8.70) | 17 (73.91) | 4 (17.39) | 23 (100) | |
| MDS T0–T6 | 0.014 | ||||
| Mean difference ± SD | 0.84 ± 1.58 | 0.54 ± 1.64 | 0.38 ± 2.02 | 0.58 ± 1.71 | |
| Worsening | 3 (16.67) | 7 (38.89) | 8 (44.44) | 18 (100) | |
| Stable | 19 (19.59) | 64 (65.98) | 14 (14.43) | 97 (100) | |
| Improvement | 17 (31.48) | 27 (50) | 10 (18.52) | 54 (100) | |
| Physical activity frequency T0–T6 | |||||
| Decrease | 4 (15.38) | 12 (46.15) | 10 (38.46) | 26 (100) | 0.094 |
| Stable | 18 (25) | 42 (58.33) | 12 (16.67) | 72 (100) | |
| Increase | 17 (23.94) | 44 (61.97) | 10 (14.08) | 71 (100) | |
MDS Mediterranean Diet Score [19]
*Chi square o exact test. Weight loss and weight gain from the 1 week before starting chemotherapy (baseline) to 12 months after the end of chemotherapy: ≥5% of baseline body weight.