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. 2023 Oct 10;14:6326. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-42027-6

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — a Plot comparing the ELISA reactivity of mucosal CS memory B-cell antibodies against HIV-1 Env gp140-F vs. p24 (n = 200). Antibodies were tested in triplicate. b 3D dot plot comparing the polyreactive binding of mucosal CS memory B-cell antibodies from eART (blue) and lART (red) to HIV-1 proteins as measured by ELISA in Supplementary Fig. 3a. c Violin plots comparing the ELISA polyreactivity of mucosal CS memory B-cell antibodies from eART (blue) and lART (red). The y-axes indicate the log₁₀ cumulative AUC (CAUC) values for polyreactivity as measured in Supplementary Fig. 3c. Antibodies were tested in two independent experiments. Groups were compared using two-tailed Student’s t test with Welch’s correction. d Same as in (c) but for HEp-2-reactivitity with ELISA OD_405 nm values for the binding to HEp-2 cell antigens. Bars in (c) and (d) represent the medians. Antibodies were tested in triplicates. e Pie charts comparing the frequency of poly- and self-reactive of intestinal IgA⁺ and IgG⁺ CS B-cell antibodies between eART (blue) and lART (red) as measured in (c) and (d), respectively. The number of tested antibodies is indicated in the pie chart center, and the frequency of the reactive ones (colored) on the chart. Groups were compared using 2 × 2 Fisher’s Exact test. f Microscopic images showing representative antibody reactivities to HEp2-expressing self-antigens detected by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) (representative from two independent experiments). Scale bars represent 15 µm. Pie charts summarizing the IFA data are shown. The number of tested antibodies is indicated in the pie chart center, and the frequency of the reactive ones (colored) on the chart. Groups were compared using 2 × 5 Fisher’s Exact test. g Microarray plots showing the reactivity profile of selected antibodies to human proteins. For each protein spot, Z-scores given by the reference (Ref: mGO53) and test antibody are depicted on the y- and x-axis, respectively. Immunoreactive proteins are indicated in each plot. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.