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. 2023 Oct 10;14:6326. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-42027-6

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 3 — a Violin plots (top) comparing the antibody binding to commensal bacteria between eART (blue) and lART (red) donors. Averaged values of antibodies (n = 200) tested in duplicate in two independent experiments are shown. Groups were compared using two-tailed unpaired Student’s t test with Welch’s correction. Plots (bottom) comparing the reactivity pattern of individual antibodies to commensal bacteria between eART (blue) and lART (red). * indicates that L2-168 antibody specifically binds to B. subtilis. Bars correspond to the medians. Antibodies were tested in duplicate in two independent experiments. b Correlation plots of polyreactivity vs. binding of intestinal memory B-cell antibodies to commensal bacteria. The x-axis indicates the polyreactivity CAUC values presented in Fig. 2b. Bivariate correlations were estimated with the two-tailed Pearson correlation test. c Representative ELISA graphs showing the reactivity of L2-168 antibody against selected Bacillaceaes strains (B. cereus, B. licheniformis, B. cytotoxicus and B. subtilis). Means ± SEM of triplicate values are shown. d Microscopic image showing the IFA binding of L2-168 antibody to B. subtilis (Magnifications ×100 and ×1000) (representative of two independent experiments). The scale bar represents 15 µm. e Dot blot comparing the reactivity of L2-168 to purified LTA from Gram⁺ bacteria: B. subtilis, S. aureus and S. pyogenes. f Same as in (c) but for purified peptidoglycan and flagellin from B. subtilis. L2-168 antibody was tested in triplicate. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.