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. 2023 Sep 27;10:1236617. doi: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1236617

FIGURE 1.

FIGURE 1

Epitope-based Classification of RBD-Binding Antibodies and Class Designation of Broad-Neutralizing Antibodies (nAbs). (A) Class I and Class II Monoclonal Antibodies (mAbs) interfere with the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor (represented by the transparent surface), while Class III and Class IV mAbs bind outside the ACE2 interface. [(B), top] The mAbs R40-1G8 and R40-1C8 directly compete with the ACE2 receptor, while R200-1F9 and R207-2F11 do not. [(B), bottom] All four mAbs are bound to the trimeric Spike (wild type) protein. Only R207-2F11 accommodates both the up and down conformations, while the other mAbs bind exclusively to the RBD down conformation.