Table 1.
Independent sample t-test for public health events during the past two decades 2003–2012 and 2013–2022, group of 13 zoonotic diseases with highest number of outbreaks the past two decades, and individual zoonotic diseases (N=10)
| 2001–2022 | 2003–2012 | 2013–2022 | Difference calculations | 95% CI | T test statistics | |||||||||
| Sum | Sum | Mean | SD | Sum | Mean | SD | Mean | SE | Lower | Upper | t | df | P value (2 tailed) | |
| All recorded events | 2234 | 1035 | 103.5 | 19.9 | 1010 | 101 | 34.0 | 2.5 | 12.4 | 28.64 | 23.64 | 0.201 | 18 | 0.8408 |
| Substantiated | 1886 | 824 | 82.4 | 15.3 | 925 | 92.5 | 31.2 | 10.1 | 11.0 | 13.02 | 33.22 | 0.918 | 18 | 0.3709 |
| Infectious | 1730 | 785 | 78.5 | 15.6 | 812 | 81.2 | 26 | 2.7 | 9.7 | 17.67 | 23.07 | 0.279 | 18 | 0.7838 |
| Non infectious | 156 | 39 | 3.9 | 3.2 | 113 | 11.3 | 6.3 | 7.4 | 2.2 | 2.70 | 12.10 | 3.306 | 18 | 0.0039* |
| Zoonotic | 566 | 186 | 18.6 | 4.8 | 347 | 34.7 | 14 | 16.1 | 4.7 | 6.16 | 26.05 | 3.401 | 18 | 0.0032* |
| Non Zoonotic | 1164 | 599 | 59.9 | 14.8 | 465 | 46.5 | 15.9 | 13 | 6.9 | 27.81 | 1.01 | 1.953 | 18 | 0.0665 |
| Group of 13 prevailing zoonotic disease outbreaks* | 541 | 182 | 18.2 | 4.7 | 327 | 32.7 | 13.5 | 14.5 | 4.5 | 4.95 | 24.05 | 3.191 | 18 | 0.0051* |
| Yellow Fever | 118 | 57 | 5.7 | 3.1 | 49 | 4.9 | 3.5 | 0.8 | 1.5 | 3.91 | 2.308 | 0.541 | 18 | 0.5953 |
| Dengue fever | 61 | 12 | 1.2 | 1.5 | 49 | 4.9 | 3 | 3.7 | 1.1 | 1.48 | 5.920 | 3.501 | 18 | 0.0025* |
| Lassa Fever | 59 | 20 | 2 | 0.7 | 39 | 3.9 | 2.2 | 1.9 | 0.7 | 0.38 | 3.417 | 2.632 | 18 | 0.0169* |
| CCHF | 55 | 9 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 44 | 4.4 | 3.2 | 3.5 | 1.1 | 1.25 | 5.751 | 3.267 | 18 | 0.0042* |
| RVF | 47 | 14 | 1.4 | 1.0 | 31 | 3.1 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 0.6 | 0.50 | 2.899 | 2.98 | 18 | 0.0080* |
| Mpox | 43 | 8 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 28 | 2.8 | 3.2 | 1.68 | 0.9 | 0.34 | 3.696 | 1.852 | 18 | 0.0755 |
| Anthrax | 43 | 12 | 1.2 | 0.8 | 29 | 2.9 | 2.7 | 1.7 | 0.9 | 0.19 | 3.586 | 1.894 | 18 | 0.0744 |
| Plague | 40 | 24 | 2.4 | 1.6 | 12 | 1.2 | 1 | 1.2 | 0.6 | 2.49 | 0.091 | 1.952 | 18 | 0.0666 |
| Ebola | 32 | 12 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 18 | 1.8 | 2.1 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 1.05 | 2.245 | 0.766 | 18 | 0.4535 |
| Chikungunya | 22 | 9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 13 | 1.3 | 1.1 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.51 | 1.313 | 0.92 | 18 | 0.3695 |
| Marburg | 8 | 4 | 0.4 | 0.7 | 4 | 0.4 | 0.7 | 0 | 0.3 | 0.66 | 0.657 | 0 | 18 | 1 |
| Zika | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 7 | 0.7 | 1.3 | 0.7 | 0.4 | 0.19 | 1.589 | 1.655 | 18 | 0.1152 |
| Rabies | 6 | 1 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 4 | 0.4 | 0.7 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.21 | 0.810 | 1.236 | 18 | 0.2322 |
*13 prevailing Zoonotic diseases based on outbreak counts (96% of counts): CCHF, Dengue fever, Monkeypox (Mpox), Anthrax, RVF, Lassa Fever, Chikungunya virus disease, Rabies, Ebola virus disease, Marburg virus disease, Yellow Fever, Plague, Zika virus disease.
CCHF, Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever; RVF, Rift Valley fever.