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. 2023 Oct 11;20(207):20230356. doi: 10.1098/rsif.2023.0356

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© 2023 The Authors.

Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.

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Figure 2. — Collective navigation is beneficial above a certain information threshold; opposing flows impede success for an individual. (a) The number of individuals yet to arrive for different sensing ranges for the ([FI]/[FA]) models in the absence of flow (ζ = 0). Solid lines show the mean, surrounding ribbons show the standard deviation from 50 realizations. Dashed lines show the median arrival time. Sensing ranges beyond R = 20 show similar behaviour to R = 500. (b) The median arrival time averaged over 50 realizations, as a function of flow speed in the y-direction ( $u_{y} = ζ \sin (ϑ - 90^{\circ})$ ), for a population of individual navigators. Beyond a critical flow strength, migration fails to occur i.e. less than 50 out of 100 individuals arrived within the simulation time.