Table 4. Five cohort studies were selected after the quality appraisal phase .

	Aleong et al. (2020) [13]	Chung et al. (2022) [20]	Burger et al. (2021) [21]	Zabak et al. (2023) [22]	Segreti et al. (2019) [23]
Exposed people defined	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Non-exposed people defined	No	No	No	No	No
Was the exposure and outcome clearly explained?	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Was the outcome of interest present at the start of the study?	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Unclear
Were the groups similar?	No	No	No	Yes	Unclear
The exposure and the outcomes measured the same way in both groups	No	No	No	Yes	Yes
Follow-up done correctly	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Is the study published in an indexed journal?	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Score	5/8	5/8	5/8	7/8	5/8