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. 2023 Jun 12;23(2):341–349. doi: 10.17998/jlc.2023.04.30

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© 2023 The Korean Liver Cancer Association.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 2. — CAFs robustly express FAP and α-SMA, but do not express EpCAM, E-cadherin, and PECAM-1. (A) Single-stain flow cytometry was performed for SMA, FAP, AFP, and EpCAM in CAFs and non-tumor fibroblasts isolated from patients with HCC. (B) Similarly, single-stain flow cytometry was performed for the same markers in HCC cells. Graphs show the expression of each marker. (C) Expression of α-SMA, vimentin, and E-cadherin in CAFs, non-tumor fibroblasts, and hepatoma cell lines was analyzed using immunoblotting. (D) Expression of E-cadherin, PECAM-1, vimentin, and GAPDH in CAFs, non-tumor fibroblasts, and HUVECs was analyzed using immunoblotting. All means were statistically analyzed; ^*P<0.05, ^**P<0.01, ^***P<0.001. CAF, cancer-associated fibroblast; FAP, fibroblast activation protein-α; SMA, alpha-smooth muscle actin; EpCAM, epithelial cell adhesion molecule; MFI, mean fluorescence intensity; NF, non-tumor fibroblast; PECAM-1, platelet and endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma.