Fig. 1. ECL and LED light generated by the exogenous multimodal devices. 3D representation of the light intensity profiles (top) and integrals of the light intensity (bottom) as a function of the imposed electric field obtained by using (a) an Au-LED-Au device in a 5 mM PBS (pH 7.4), 1 mM Ru(bpy)₃²⁺, 100 mM TPrA solution and (b) a Fe-LED-Fe device in a 5 mM PBS (pH 7.4), 1 mM L012, 100 mM H₂O₂ solution. Inset: optical pictures of the corresponding exogenous multimodal light-emitting devices at different applied electric fields (indicated in the figure). Plain and empty blue dots represent the ECL emissions of L012 occurring at the cathodic and anodic poles, respectively.