Table 2.

Main respiratory bacteria (genus) and reported associations with asthma. Species-level differences likely exist but are not discernible by the 16S rRNA sequencing methods used in most studies.

Bacterial genus	Compartment	Outcome association(s)	References
Haemophilus	nasopharyngeal, lower respir tract	(+) asthma (T2-low in adults) (+) exacerbations in children	5,10–15,90,91,96
Moraxella	nasopharyngeal, lower respir tract	(+) asthma (T2-low in adults) (+) exacerbations in children	5,10–15,90,91,96
Streptococcus	nasopharyngeal, lower respir tract	(+) asthma (+) exacerbations in children	5,10–15,90,91
Corynebacterium Dolosigranulum,	nasopharyngeal	(—) asthma, (—) exacerbation in children	13,30
Neisseria	lower respir tract	(+) asthma status (T2-low in adults)	5,91
Fusobacterium	lower respir tract	(+) asthma status (T2-high in adults)	5,91
Veillonella	lower respir tract	(+) asthma in adults	5,91