Extended Data Fig. 1. Fast imaging on the erasure detection subspace.

a, Sketch of the involved energy levels. We detect atoms in ¹S₀ by strongly driving the ¹S₀ ↔ ¹P₁ transition. b, Survival of atoms in ¹S₀ (green) and number of detected photons (red) as a function of the imaging time. We observe an increase of detected photons whereas the atoms are already lost: even though the kinetic energy of the atoms is too large to keep them trapped, their mean position remains centred on the tweezers thanks to the use of two counter-propagating beams with equal power. After approximately 24 μs, the atomic spread becomes too large to measure a significant increase in detected photons. c, Typical histograms of the number of detected photons for 24 μs imaging. Using a slow, high-fidelity image prior to the fast image, we can detect if a tweezer is empty (blue) or filled (red). The typical detection fidelity which corresponds to equal error probability in detecting absence or presence of an atom is 98.0(1)%. d, Losses from ³P₀ as a function of time, expressed in number of fast images. The survival probability of an atom in ³P₀ is 99.99954(12)% for one image, consistent with its 5 second lifetime.