Fig. 3.
Photomicrographs of skin sections from (A) young rat (naïve rats receiving 0.9% saline via subcutaneous injection daily), (B) old rat (rats receiving 600 mg/kg D-galactose via subcutaneous injection to induce aging), (C) old rat treated with metformin [aged rats treated with metformin (300 mg/kg/d) via oral administration], and (D) old rat administered LF 4189 [aged rats treated with Limosilactobacillus fermentum USM 4189 (1×1010 CFU/d) via oral administration]. E, epidermis; D, dermis; SC, subcutaneous tissue; sp, stratum papillare; sr, stratum reticulare; sa, stratum adiposum; dp, dermal papilla; a, adipose tissue; p, panniculus carnosus; hf, hair follicle; seb, sebaceous gland; sg, sweat gland; sd, sweat duct. (E) Thickness of the skin epidermis (■) and dermis (□) from the different treatment groups.