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. 2023 Jul 14;46(5):1832–1848. doi: 10.1007/s10753-023-01844-z

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 5 — ATGL inhibitor prevented inflammation and exerted neuroprotective effects. a, b Representative flow cytometry histogram displaying the BODIPY MFI in primary microglia after LPS stimulation (500 ng/mL, 24 h) with or without Atglistatin (Atgli) pretreatment (30 μM, 1 h) a. The BODIPY MFI was quantified b. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. ***P < 0.001, by one-way ANOVA. n = 3/group. (c-f) Real-time PCR analysis of the mRNA level of pro-inflammatory cytokines (Il1a, Il1b, Il6 and Tnf) in primary microglia upon LPS stimulation (500 ng/mL, 24 h) with or without Atglistatin treatment (30 μM, pretreatment for 1 h). Data are presented as mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, by one-way ANOVA. n = 3/group. g Representative nissl staining images of brain sections from MCAO 3d mice administered with vehicle or Atglistatin respectively (scale bar. 1000 µm). h The quantification of infarct volume measured by nissl staining of MCAO 3d mice in control and Atglistatin group. ***P < 0.001, by Student’s t-test. n = 9/group. i-k Neurological performance of vehicle-treated and Atglistatin-treated mice both at 1 day and 3 days post the MCAO surgery, including mNSS score i, grip strength j and foot fault k. ***P < 0.001, by two-way ANOVA. n = 12–20 /group.