Fig. 4.

Copper (II) ions-doped BCP powders did not induce necrotic cell death. (A and B) SEM images of PMNs alone and in the presence of BCP powders without or with LPS stimulation (2500 × , scale bar = 10 μm) (one representative donor, n = 4). (C) Nucleic acid concentration in unexposed and BCP powder-exposed PMNs and (D) LPS-stimulated PMN supernatants after 4 h. (E) LDH activity in unexposed and BCP powder-exposed PMNs and (F) LPS-stimulated PMN supernatants after 4 h *p < 0.05 vs. control. #p < 0.05 vs. LPS. @ p < 0.05 between the indicated conditions. n = 9–11.