Table 4.
Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses of demographic and clinical factors associated with in-hospital death of COVID-19.
| Variable | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Value of p | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | Value of p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic characteristics | ||||
| Age (≥65 vs. <65)- years | 4.995 (1.883–13.245) | 0.001 | ||
| Gender (male vs. female) | 1.133 (0.572–2.247) | 0.720 | ||
| Smoking status | 0.537 (0.117–2.467)a | 0.424 | ||
| 1.744 (0.309–9.834)b | 0.528 | |||
| Residence (urban vs. rural) | 0.077 (0.010–0.578) | 0.013 | ||
| Comorbidity | ||||
| Hypertension | 1.385 (0.728–2.633) | 0.321 | ||
| Cardiovascular disease | 2.934 (1.513–5.691) | 0.001 | 2.747 (1.214–6.220) | 0.015 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 1.929 (0.987–3.771) | 0.055 | ||
| Chronic pulmonary disease | 0.464 (0.195–1.105) | 0.083 | ||
| Chronic renal disease | 1.622 (0.756–3.480) | 0.215 | ||
| Chronic liver disease | 0.780 (0.163–3.735) | 0.756 | ||
| Cancer | 2.083 (0.665–6.532) | 0.208 | ||
| Dementia | 2.772 (0.599–12.826) | 0.192 | ||
| Clinical manifestations | ||||
| Fever | 1.017 (0.464–2.232) | 0.966 | ||
| Cough | 0.414 (0.161–1.065) | 0.067 | ||
| Shortness of breath | 1.359 (0.720–2.566) | 0.344 | ||
| Fatigue | 0.557 (0.271–1.146) | 0.112 | ||
| Chest tightness | 1.864 (0.963–3.608) | 0.065 | ||
| Myalgia | 0.568 (0.208–1.556) | 0.271 | ||
| Sore throat | 0.644 (0.180–2.307) | 0.499 | ||
| Vomiting | 1.458 (0.437–4.867) | 0.540 | ||
| Headache | 1.070 (0.283–4.048) | 0.921 | ||
| Consciousness disorders | 4.716 (1.374–16.186) | 0.014 | ||
| Chest pain | 0.497 (0.060–4.140) | 0.518 | ||
| Vital signs | ||||
| Pulse (bpm) (>100 vs. ≤100) | 1.772 (0.775–4.047) | 0.175 | ||
| RR (bpm) (≥30 vs. <30) | 9.773 (1.834–52.066) | 0.008 | ||
| SaO2 (%) (≤93% vs. >93%) | 4.559 (2.137–9.726) | <0.001 | ||
| PaO2/FiO2 (mmHg) (≤300 vs. >300) |
5.333 (2.486–11.442) | <0.001 | 4.716 (2.115–10.518) | <0.001 |
Bold values indicated a value of p < 0.05.