Table 2.
The associations of gestational weight gain with placental weight, placental volume, and PFR.
| Dependent variable | Gestational weight gain | Model 1 (95%CI) | Model 2 (95%CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-pregnancy BMI group | |||
| Placenta weight | Wasting | 5.26 (1.61, 8.90) ** | 4.93 (1.04, 8.81) * |
| Normal | 2.93 (1.48, 4.38) ** | 2.52 (1.04, 3.99) ** | |
| Overweight | 3.82 (1.05, 6.58) ** | 3.30 (0.38, 6.22) * | |
| Obese | 2.72 (–2.63, 8.07) | 1.12 (–4.47, 6.70) | |
| Placenta volume | Wasting | 7.36 (4.17, 10.56) ** | 6.79 (3.43, 10.15) ** |
| Normal | 2.73 (1.23, 4.23) ** | 2.85 (1.31, 4.39) ** | |
| Overweight | 1.53 (–1.50, 4.55) | 0.55 (–2.64, 3.73) | |
| Obese | 2.89 (–2.95, 8.74) | 2.11 (–4.60, 8.83) | |
| PFR | Wasting | 0.02 (–0.09, 0.12) | 0.01 (–0.10, 0.12) |
| Normal | –0.02 (–0.06, 0.02) | –0.02 (–0.06, 0.02) | |
| Overweight | –0.01 (–0.07, 0.06) | –0.01 (–0.08, 0.06) | |
| Obese | –0.13 (–0.25, − 0.01) * | –0.12 (–0.25, 0.02) |
Model 1: univariate analysis; Model 2: multivariate analysis adjusted for maternal education level, residence, age, gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes, gestational age, number of pregnancies, number of deliveries, infant sex and mid-trimester lipid levels; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.001.
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index. PFR, placental-to-birth weight ratio.