Table 3.

The associations of lipid levels and placental weight, placental volume, and PFR in mid-trimester

Dependent variable	Mid-trimester maternal lipid profile	Model 1 (95%CI)	Model 2 (95%CI)
Placenta weight	TC	5.03 (–0.65, 10.71)	4.93 (–0.66, 10.52)
	TG	11.46 (5.12, 17.80)**	9.81 (3.28, 16.34) **
	HDL-C	–50.29 (–73.84, − 26.73)**	–46.30 (–69.49, − 23.11) **
	LDL-C	4.92 (–1.48, 11.32)	5.47 (–0.83, 11.77)
Placenta volume	TC	–0.29 (–6.21, 5.63)	0.70 (–5.19, 6.59)
	TG	17.79 (11.21, 24.36)**	14.54 (7.69, 21.39) **
	HDL-C	–29.18 (–53.85, − 4.50)*	–21.24 (–45.77, 3.30)
	LDL-C	–2.78 (–9.46, 3.90)	–0.95 (–7.59, 5.70)
PFR	TC	0.14 (–0.01, 0.29)	0.11 (–0.03, 0.26)
	TG	0.06 (–0.10, 0.23)	0.13 (–0.04, 0.31)
	HDL-C	–0.84 (–1.45, − 0.23)**	–0.89 (–1.50, − 0.27)**
	LDL-C	0.18 (0.02, 0.35)*	0.15 (–0.02, 0.32)

Model 1: univariate analysis; Model 2: multivariate analysis adjusted for maternal education, residence, age, pre-pregnancy BMI, gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes, gestational age, number of pregnancy, number of delivery, infant sex and gestational weight gain; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.001.

Abbrevations: TC, cholesterol. TG, triglyceride. HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein. LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein. PFR, placental-to-birth weight ratio.