Table 1. Participant characteristics.

Unless otherwise specified, data are presented as mean (SD) for demographic and admission characteristics and median (IQR) for laboratory characteristics. For measures with incomplete data, the number of observations is noted after the (SD) or (IQR). ^a Weight-for-age z scores available for children < 10 years; ^b Weight-for-height z scores available for children < 5 years; ^c BMI-for-age z scores available for children ≥ 5 years.

	Cohort #1: Severe malaria (N=594)	Cohort #2: Sickle cell disease (N=185)
Demographic and admission characteristics:
Age in years	2.1 (0.92)	8.9 (4.0)
Sex (Female), n (%)	258 (43.4)	77 (41.6)
Site:
Jinja, n (%)	266 (44.8)	-
Mulago, n (%)	328 (55.2)	185 (100)
Weight-for-age z scorea	-1.1 (1.1), 587	-1.3 (1.2), 112
Height-for-age z score	-1.1 (1.3)	-1.4 (1.4), 184
Weight-for-height z scoreb	-0.67 (1.1), 587	-1.4 (1.2), 36
BMI-for-age z scorec	-	-1.3 (1.5), 149
Temperature, ˚C	37.7 (1.2)	37.3 (0.86)
Respiratory rate, /min	50.6 (13.4)	31.6 (10.3)
Pulse, /min	158 (23.2)	110 (19.4)
Coma, n (%)	72 (12.1), 593	4 (2.2)
Respiratory distress, n (%)	175 (29.5)	32 (17.3)
Severe anemia, n (%)	303 (51.0)	131 (70.8)
Laboratory characteristics:
Hemoglobin, g/dL	5.7 (3.6, 8.6), 591	7.2 (6.3, 8.2)
White blood cell, 103/µL	12.1 (8.7, 19.2), 591	22.6 (16.7, 33.4)
Platelet count, 103/µL	113 (62, 216), 591	418 (306, 525)
Creatinine, mg/dL	0.37 (0.29, 0.48), 593	0.3 (0.19, 0.4)
BUN, mg/dL	12 (7, 21), 591	4 (3, 7)
Sodium, mmol/L	135 (133, 138), 554	138 (135, 140)
Potassium, mmol/L	4.2 (3.8, 4.6), 553	3.8 (3.6, 4.1), 184
TCO2, mmol/L	15 (11, 18), 547	21 (19, 22)
Anion gap, mmol/L	21 (18, 23), 512	17 (16, 18), 183
Kidney function:
AKI on admission, n (%)	262 (44.2), 593	43 (23.2)
Severe AKI: Stage 2+, n (%)	117 (19.7), 593	22 (11.9)
Hyperfiltration: eGFR > 185 mL/min per 1.73 m2, n	7 (1.2), 593	90 (48.9), 184
Outcome:
In-hospital mortality, n (%)	43 (7.3)	6 (3.2)