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. 2023 Sep 9;72(6):1146–1162. doi: 10.1007/s00267-023-01877-y

Table 2.

Overview of different forms of knowledge communication

Publication Form of communication Degree of programmability Level of discretion Scope of coverage Process orientation
Aelbrecht and Stevens (2015) Presentations and informal talks High High Narrow People-oriented
Andrews et al. (2020) Storytelling and action-learning events High High Narrow People- & technology-oriented
Annemans and Heylighen (2021) Workshops, presentations, and documents Relatively high High Narrow People-oriented
Arevalo et al. (2020) Storytelling High High Narrow Technology-oriented
Bruce and O’Callaghan (2016) Group discussions Low High Narrow People-oriented
Dowson (2019) Action learning, telephone coaching High High Relatively narrow People- & technology-oriented
Hains et al. (2019) Educational data program, personal meetings and group discussions High High Broad People- & technology-oriented
Hakkarainen et al. (2020) Workshops High High Narrow People-oriented
Hall et al. (2019) Workshops High High Narrow People-oriented
Hambidge et al. (2019) Learning platform Low High Narrow People-oriented
Hurley et al. (2017) Workshop Low High Narrow People-oriented
Janousek and Blair (2018) Workshops, writing assistance Relatively high High Narrow People-oriented
Kremer et al. (2017) Group discussion/deliberation Relatively high High Narrow People-oriented
Lee et al. (2018) Workshops High High Narrow People-oriented
Lundmark et al. (2019) Lectures, deliberative group discussions High, relatively high High Narrow People-oriented
Lundmark et al. (2017) Lectures, deliberative group discussions High, relatively high High Narrow People-oriented
McCart et al. (2020) Online training modules High High Broad Technology-oriented
Oronje et al. (2019) Training, mentoring programs, discussion forums High High Broad People-oriented
Packer et al. (2019) Workshops Relatively high High Narrow People-oriented
Porterfield et al. (2017) Online communication platform High High Broad Technology-oriented
Rajaeian et al. (2018) Collaborative research, informal communication, consultancy, presentations at seminars, publications. Varying Not relevant Varying People- & technology-oriented
Sass et al. (2019) Educational program with practice-based learning High High Narrow People- & technology-oriented
Ugolini et al. (2015) Publications, Internet, manuals, e-learning, technical meetings, seminars and conferences Varying Not relevant Varying People- & technology-oriented
Winarto et al. (2017) Science field-shops High High Not specified People-oriented
Wright and Wright (2017) Workshops, online resource hub High High Narrow People- & technology-oriented

Review articles are excluded from the table as their content in this regard is not possible to classify